Roma (Gypsy) music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Roma (Gypsy) music - Essay Example The attack massacred the people and carried thousands of slaves. Although Rajput fought back, a number of people were displaced. At some point around the eleventh century, the ancestors of Romans made their way into Upper Hindus Valley from Gurjara where they spent some of the time in the region. Thereafter the ancestors of the Romans left India and penetrated into the Northwest China. From there, they followed the ancient trading route which led them to Persia, through Southern Georgia, Armenia and finally reached Byzantine Empire. By fourteenth century, they reached Romania from Byzantine capital (now Istanbul). Some groups also remained in Romania as they moved on both east and west. By the fifteen century, Romanians could be traced in areas such as West, the British Isles and Spain and at the east of Poland and Lithuania. The population is approximately 6 to 10 million people. According to some scholars, they migrated from India changed their original name from Dom (plural) to Rom (singular) and Roma (plural) (Yooors, pg. 14). Roman religious beliefs are deep rooted amongst Hinduism. Romans have a universal believe called Kuntari. On the contrary, everything must have its natural place such as, that birds fly and fish swim. Although hens do not fly, they are considered as not balanced as are frogs. The Romans has believed that there’s a possibility of becoming polluted in a number of ways that included breaking of taboos that involve the upper and lower halves of the body. According to the Romanians, a person who becomes polluted is considered out of balance and need restoration to purity through a trial before a tribunal led by elders. At that instance, one found guilty are isolated from the others and then reinstated. For severe cases of pollution, a Roman could be outlawed from the group forever despite rare nowadays. Exemptions are given to children until they

Why Purse a Master’s Degree Essay Example for Free

Why Purse a Master’s Degree Essay Due to the competitive marketing many are pursuing a higher education beyond their bachelor’s degree. My decision to purse a master’s degree has always been a personal goal, but with the change in the market I realized my bachelor’s degree would no longer be sufficient or marketable in a couple of years. Many would say that obtaining a master’s degree is only as valuable as how your current or future employer measures advanced education. There are many rewarding benefits of pursing a master’s whether for a personal goal, career change, or salary increase these are all convincing motives. This paper will explore the various motivations that resulted in my decision to purse a master’s degree. Initially a master’s degree will give me the added credentials needed to pursue a promotion or career change that I would not have been considered for with my current education level. The norm was that a company required you to have a bachelor’s degree to be considered as a candidate in the corporate world. This is no longer the case as employers are demanding candidates attain the life experience in conjunction with a master’s degree. Stronger economy and more company demands for management degrees have positively shifted the local and international market for candidates whom hold a MBA (Rebecca Kaplan (2008). â€Å"Demand for MBA on the Rise). This evidence confirms having a master’s degree significantly increases my marketability. Since only a small percentage of people in the United States have a master’s degree, holding one can put me ahead of the pack when competing for a job (â€Å"Jane Porter, (2006). â€Å"Forecast: MBA Hiring Up Again). Employers are leaning toward hiring more MBA candidates because they are looking for people with managerial and team experience (â€Å"Jane Porter, (2006). â€Å"Forecast: MBA Hiring Up Again). These facts indicates that companies value a higher education and are willing to provide more opportunities, greater compensation packages and greater chances for promotion. In 2007 Radford proclaimed an advanced degree will provide hopeful with a better professional network and insights into the working practitioners. Holding a master’s degree will also expand my knowledge in a specialized area and improve performance in many areas of my work and personal life. Following this path will allow me to utilize my bachelor’s degree foundation to gain a greater understanding and appreciation for my field of study. As a person high in conscientiousness, people may perceive me to contribute to a higher level of job performance. This personality trait is a strong focus behind my plans for a master’s degree. If I am going to be portrayed as person whom exerts greater levels of effort on the job, then I should have the knowledge and the degree to back my training and experience. Based on Jungian’s Personality Assessment, I am well suited for a management position. I am viewed as a person well organized who is open to learn new skills and updating current skills, which is a key area of interest for employers. A Master of Business Administration translates into salary increase, as with most fields. PayScale. com calculated the median salary by years of experience for a Bachelor of Business Administration and Master’s of Business Administration in the United States As noted in the below tables master’s degree holders makes an estimated 20k more in salary then a bachelor degree holder with the same years of experience. Median Salary by Years Experience Degree: Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) (United States) Median Salary by Years Experience Degree: Master of Business Administration (MBA) (United States) An earnings increase is only part of the benefits. A college education enriches your life in ways that cannot be measured by dollars. Education is power, Frederick Douglass. Personally, earning a master has always been a goal. I first considered earning my master’s degree recently after I received my bachelor’s, but felt I need to take a brain break and experience the corporate world. After gaining eight years of work experiences I felt it was time to give it a try. Learning of my employee’s tuition reimbursement policy for the master’s program I soon realized it was a win-win for me and the company. If the company is willing to invest in my education, I believe the company is quietly endorsing that a master’s degree is valued and expected for high-level professional. Consequently, the benefits I will receive from this degree will give me self-assurance to know that I have the collective resources of knowledge, effective decision-making and skill sets needed to be successful in my personal and professional life, (Gary Radford, (2005). Having a master’s will give me a sense of future employment security and will allow me to gain qualifications that I may have missed in my earlier education. The school of choice also heavily weighed on my decision. I debate for several months whether online or classroom format would be suitable for me. After speaking with the University of Phoenix enrollment counselor I was excited about the learning environment. I understood that taking courses online allowed the flexibility I needed to sustain a work-life balance. There was also the fact that I would be communicating with different individual who I could openly share experiences and gain valuable knowledge that can not always be taught from a book or a classroom setting. A master’s degree is a good investment the evidence is clear. Yes, it will take time, dedication, and money to complete my degree, but the return on my investment is all worth the effort. In addition, the increased sense of achievement, career opportunities, new circles of friends and networks along with the new ranges of skills I will gain are some of the major reasons that confirmed my decision. Whether personal or practical, a master’s degree can be both life affirming and career enhancing. As stated by Dr Bruce Lewis, an education beyond a bachelor’s will put you in a better position to help your family, your community and give you the kind of life you dream of having. The more education you pursue, the better career options you will have. Ask yourself the following questions: 1) Do I want more career marketability? 2) Do I want to earn a higher income? 3) Do I want to increase myself assurance and workplace confidence? 4) Do I want to enhance my current skilled set? If you answered ‘yes’ to any of the above of, then you too need to purse your master’s degree. Reference: Kaplan, Rebecca. (2008). Demand for MBA on the Rise. Receive May 7 from www. thedailypennsylvanian. com Lewis, Bruce. (2002). Received May 9, 2008, from http://teach. fhu. edu Porter, Jane. (2006). Forecast: MBA Hiring Up Again. Received May 8, 2008 from BusinessWeek. com O. P John, â€Å"The ‘Big Five’ Factor Taxonomy: Dimensions of Personality in the Natural Language and in Questionnaires,† in L. A. Pervin (ed. ). Handbook of Personality Theory and Research(New York: Guilford Press, 1990) pp. 66-110; and D. L. Formy-Duval, J. E Williams, D. J. Patterson, and E. E Fogle, â€Å"A ‘Big Five’ Scoring System for the Item Pool of the Adjective Check List,† Journal Of Personality Assessment, Vol. 65. 1995, pp. 59-76. Radford, Gary. (2007). Received May 7, 2007 from www. fdu. edu Median Salary by Years Experience Degree: Master of Business Administration (MBA) (United States) table. Retrieved May 7, 2008, from PayScale. com.

The Glass House :: essays research papers

Divorce is becoming more acceptable and normal. This is a problem and divorce should be decreased. All couples should be required to attend marriage counseliong before they are married. Couples attending marriage counseling could decrease this problem. Divorce then may stop becoming such a problem, and only happen when absolutely necessary after other steps have been taken and failed. Divorce means different things to different people, It can be defined as spousal separations, parental separation, or even separated families. Many different things can cause divorce. Some of theses causes may be financial issues, religious beliefs, sexual issues, educationl background, or even bad habits. Theses are just a few causes and definitions of divorce. Divorce affects all different types of people in different way. It can occur in any family, no matter what the background is. When divorce does occur, it effects everyone involved. Children are torn between parents, They often grow up with unresolved issues and tension toward their parents. Many children of divorced parents grow up thinking that divorce is acceptable and use it asa way out of any marital problems. Spouse are also affected by divorce. Some become vert depressed, and others may even try to kill themselves. Many spouses are shocked when a divorce is finalized and they do no tknow how to go on without the other "half". It is almost like a devastated spouse is in mourning. On the other side the spouse that asked for the divorce also may feel heartache. Yet relief comes in knowing that he or she will not have to put up with the othe spouse. This person may still remeber those happy times the couple had, but he or she has gained some freedom. Some people do praise divorce and would completely disagree with this discussion. They are the one that make a living off of divorce. These people have industrialized divorce. So, of course, those people that make their living off divorce see nothing wrong with two kids bouncing between parents and even a ex husband trying to kill himself after twety years of marriage. Those that agree with divorce want it to become normal. They are the people that want it to be used as a way to end all marital disagrements.

Work Hard Play Hard

Jonathan White Professor Caldwell English 201 28 September 2012 Work Hard; Play Hard Work hard. Play hard. Two completely different things but they should coincide. So many people these days get by with the smallest amount of effort, and so many people play too much. An equal balance of the two makes for a high-quality pleasurable life. The harder you work the more you deserve to play, and trust me; you’ll feel better about it. Hard workers in this day and age can sometimes be very hard to come around. There are so many younger people that grow up getting almost everything handed to them.This, from the get go, doesn’t instill good work ethics in a person growing up. The younger generation needs to learn how to earn a good living in order to pass it on to future generations. I think hard work is challenging one’s self. What’s the point of living without a challenge? That’s a boring life if you ask me. Everybody wants to live a life that’s bett er than their surrounding citizens. That goal can be reached by working hard. Most people will do what’s easiest and avoid hard work. That is precisely why you should do the opposite.The easiest opportunities of life will be attacked by crowds of people seeking what’s easy. The much tougher challenges will usually see a lot less competition and a lot more opportunity. When you discipline yourself to do what is hard, you gain access to a field of results that are refused to everyone else. The willingness to do what is difficult is like having a key to a unique private treasure chest. The nice thing about hard work is that it’s universal. It doesn’t matter what industry you work in, hard work can be used to achieve positive long-term results no matter what the specifics are.If you work hard it will pay off. The greater your capacity for hard work, the more opportunities you will find yourself confronting. The deeper you can dive, the more treasure you can p ossibly find. There are so many different things that require hard work. Being healthy is hard work. Finding and then maintaining a successful relationship is hard work. Raising children is hard work. Becoming and staying organized is hard work. Setting goals, making plans to achieve them, and staying on the right track is hard work. Sometimes even being happy is hard work. As I stated earlier, if you work hard you DESERVE to play hard.You’ve earned the right to a weekend in Vegas, or a week on the beach in Cancun. Sometimes not having a good mix of work and play can lead to disaster. Everyone needs to relieve stress sometimes and one of the best ways to do it is to play hard. Take some time off once and awhile and do something new and exciting. I’m not saying go do something dangerously suicidal but maybe thrilling that’ll get your adrenaline pumping. Don’t let your life get 100% work orientated. Spend time with your friends and families, these things ar e important and everybody needs them.You’ll regret it in the future if you do not. Keep a good balance between everything and try your best to keep it that way. Working and playing coincide and should be kept equalized, but they should also be kept separate. When you are working hard, don’t play. When you’re playing hard, don’t work. It’s very simple but sometimes it can be hard not to forget. If you remember everything I’ve said and apply it to your own life there will only be success headed your away. Everybody around you will notice and you will be appreciated for it no doubt.You may also find that things will come a lot easier than they did prior. Most importantly, you will be proud of yourself. There is no better feeling than having the people that you are surrounded by proud of you except for the feeling of being proud of yourself. It’s like the feeling of reaching the top of a massive hill covered in snow. You can look down and see all that you have accomplished and say to yourself. â€Å"Wow, I did that. † Now the hard work is over. Take a deep breath, and slide down to the bottom. That was fun! Work hard, play hard. Work Hard Play Hard Jonathan White Professor Caldwell English 201 28 September 2012 Work Hard; Play Hard Work hard. Play hard. Two completely different things but they should coincide. So many people these days get by with the smallest amount of effort, and so many people play too much. An equal balance of the two makes for a high-quality pleasurable life. The harder you work the more you deserve to play, and trust me; you’ll feel better about it. Hard workers in this day and age can sometimes be very hard to come around. There are so many younger people that grow up getting almost everything handed to them.This, from the get go, doesn’t instill good work ethics in a person growing up. The younger generation needs to learn how to earn a good living in order to pass it on to future generations. I think hard work is challenging one’s self. What’s the point of living without a challenge? That’s a boring life if you ask me. Everybody wants to live a life that’s bett er than their surrounding citizens. That goal can be reached by working hard. Most people will do what’s easiest and avoid hard work. That is precisely why you should do the opposite.The easiest opportunities of life will be attacked by crowds of people seeking what’s easy. The much tougher challenges will usually see a lot less competition and a lot more opportunity. When you discipline yourself to do what is hard, you gain access to a field of results that are refused to everyone else. The willingness to do what is difficult is like having a key to a unique private treasure chest. The nice thing about hard work is that it’s universal. It doesn’t matter what industry you work in, hard work can be used to achieve positive long-term results no matter what the specifics are.If you work hard it will pay off. The greater your capacity for hard work, the more opportunities you will find yourself confronting. The deeper you can dive, the more treasure you can p ossibly find. There are so many different things that require hard work. Being healthy is hard work. Finding and then maintaining a successful relationship is hard work. Raising children is hard work. Becoming and staying organized is hard work. Setting goals, making plans to achieve them, and staying on the right track is hard work. Sometimes even being happy is hard work. As I stated earlier, if you work hard you DESERVE to play hard.You’ve earned the right to a weekend in Vegas, or a week on the beach in Cancun. Sometimes not having a good mix of work and play can lead to disaster. Everyone needs to relieve stress sometimes and one of the best ways to do it is to play hard. Take some time off once and awhile and do something new and exciting. I’m not saying go do something dangerously suicidal but maybe thrilling that’ll get your adrenaline pumping. Don’t let your life get 100% work orientated. Spend time with your friends and families, these things ar e important and everybody needs them.You’ll regret it in the future if you do not. Keep a good balance between everything and try your best to keep it that way. Working and playing coincide and should be kept equalized, but they should also be kept separate. When you are working hard, don’t play. When you’re playing hard, don’t work. It’s very simple but sometimes it can be hard not to forget. If you remember everything I’ve said and apply it to your own life there will only be success headed your away. Everybody around you will notice and you will be appreciated for it no doubt.You may also find that things will come a lot easier than they did prior. Most importantly, you will be proud of yourself. There is no better feeling than having the people that you are surrounded by proud of you except for the feeling of being proud of yourself. It’s like the feeling of reaching the top of a massive hill covered in snow. You can look down and see all that you have accomplished and say to yourself. â€Å"Wow, I did that. † Now the hard work is over. Take a deep breath, and slide down to the bottom. That was fun! Work hard, play hard.

Review for psychology pavlovs theory Essay

IDENTIFYING THE COMPONENTS OF A CLASSICALLY CONDITIONED RESPONSE: For each of the following identify the UCS, UCR, CS and CR. 1.Alexander is four years old. One night his parents decided to light a fire in the family room fireplace. A burning ember jumped out of the fireplace and landed on Alexander’s leg, creating a nasty burn. He cried because the burn hurt. A week later, when Alexander’s parents start to light another fire in the fireplace, Alexander begins to cry. (UCS: burn; UCR: crying; CS: fire in the fireplace; CR: crying) 2.Emily is driving to work during a heavy snowstorm when the brake lights on the car ahead of her come on. She hits her brakes but is unable to avoid hitting the car. She is badly shaken up in the accident. The next time she is driving in the snow she notices that she tenses up every time she sees brake lights come on ahead of her. (UCS: accident; UCR: shaken up; CS: driving in the snow; CR: tensing up) 3.Bill’s mom followed the same routine before serving dinner–she would put ice in the glasses and then call â€Å"come and get it, dinner’s ready†. Immediately upon hearing those words, Bill would quickly run down the stairs. After awhile, Bill would come running down the stairs when he heard the ice hitting the glasses. (UCS: mom calling â€Å"come and get it, dinner’s ready†; UCR: running down the stairs; CS: ice hitting the glasses; CR: running down the stairs) 4.Gary is the client relations officer at his firm. The phone in his office has â€Å"caller id† so that the client can be identified before he answers the phone. After receiving a call with a rude client, Gary would be very annoyed and agitated. He began to notice that the rude calls tended to come from clients that were identified by a â€Å"1-800† number on the caller id. Therefore, whenever a â€Å"1-800† number appeared, he would become annoyed. (UCS: call from a rude client; UCR: annoyance and agitation; CS: â€Å"1-800† number on the caller ID; CR: annoyance) 5.When Ann was a college freshman, she was assigned to live in a very old dormitory. The old plumbing system produced a problem when one person was taking a shower and one person need to flush the toilet–shortly after a person flushed the toilet, all of the cold water left the shower leaving only the hot water. The first time this happened, Ann was scalded by the hot water. She yelped and jumped back. The next day, as soon as she heard the toilet  flush she jumped back. (UCS: hot water on body; UCR: jumping back; CS: toilet flushing; CR: jumping back) IDENTIFYING OUTCOMES IN OPERANT CONDITIONING: Indicate whether each situation involves positive punishment, negative punishment, positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement. 1.Fred gets a speeding ticket. (positive punishment) NOTE: This example can be used to demonstrate one of the limitations of punishment–suppressing behavior but not eliminating it. Students will usually indicate that getting a speeding ticket leads some people to buy a radar detector! 2.Emily’s professor compliments her writing ability. (positive reinforcement) 3.Zachary is expelled from school for cheating on an exam. (negative punishment) NOTE: This example can be used to demonstrate that one person’s punishment is another person’s reinforcement. Expulsion from school is intended to be negative punishment–removing the privilege of attending school, presumably a pleasant stimulus. However, students could view it as negative reinforcement–removing the annoying constraint of being forced to attend school, known (at least to some students) to be an unpleasant stimulus! 4.Leon goes to the health club for a rare workout and pushes himself so hard that his entire body aches and he throws up. (positive punishment) 5.Linda buys her daughter a candy bar so that she will not be embarrassed by her daughter’s temper tantrum. (negative reinforcement for Linda, positive reinforcement for the daughter) NOTE: This example can be used to demonstrate that parents can unintentionally reinforce a child’s behavior–a nice warning for the students in class who may some day be parents. 6.George shoots up heroin to ward off the symptoms associated with heroin withdrawal. (negative reinforcement) NOTE: Some students will misidentify this as an example of positive reinforcement. They will indicate that shooting up heroin is pleasurable and presentation of a pleasant stimulus is the definition of positive reinforcement. Tell students that a situation can be viewed as either positive or negative reinforcement depending on how it is viewed. Shooting up heroin could be considered positive reinforcement if it is viewed from the perspective of producing a pleasurable â€Å"high† feeling.  However, if it is viewed from the perspective of avoiding the aversive stimulus of withdrawal symptoms then it is an example of avoidance conditioning–a type of negative reinforcement. 7.Edna constantly complains about her husband to colleagues at work. Her co-workers get tired of her and no longer provide her with sympathy. (negative punishment) TYPES OF FORGETTING: For each of the following indicate which type of forgetting is responsible for each situation: Alexander is having trouble using his new computer program because he keeps entering commands from the program he used to use. (proactive interference) Carolyn is in a serious boating accident. Afterwards, she cannot remember her name or where she lives. (retrograde amnesia) Although Scott used to drive a stick shift car, he can not remember much about how to shift gears manually since lately he has been driving an automatic car. (retroactive interference) Jerry is unable to remember the name of a restaurant when his friend, George, comes by and says, â€Å"I feel like I have died and gone to heaven because Joan has finally agreed to go out with me†. Suddenly, Jerry remembers the name of the restaurant–Taco Heaven. (lack of an appropriate retrieval cue) Robert was the passenger in a car involved in a head-on collision. He has been unable to remember anythi ng that has happened since the day of the accident. (anterograde amnesia)

How to Develop Photographic Memory

How to Develop Photographic Memory Struggling to remember that phone number? Having troubles memorizing the dates for the History exam? Seeking for a magic way to imprint the information on your brain quickly and efficiently? Sadly, we dont do magic. Luckily, there are some ways to help drastically improve your memory. Before we get down to business, lets dot all the is and cross all the ts. Though used interchangeably, the terms â€Å"photographic memory† and â€Å"eidetic memory† dont mean the same thing. Eidetic memory is the ability to remember visual images for a long time after seeing them shortly. Photographic memory is a skill, that allows one to memorize impressive amounts of information (text, numbers etc) almost immediately after seeing them. Its considered to be a popular misconception and a product of junk science. If the controversy hasnt changed your intention to improve your memory and get closer to a true â€Å"braniac† status, prepare to do some work and appreciate the results. With a bit of patience and practice youll definitely become the memory master. Method of Loci This technique requires a bit of effort and a lot of imagination. Basically, its a mnemonic device, strongly connected with spatial memory. There are several stages to it and well walk you through each one. Construct Your Memory Palace Our brain remember visual images much better than soulless text or numbers. Thats why building associations facilitates memorizing process. Memory palace is where youll store the images. It doesnt have to be fancy a all. The only requirement is that you know it and can easily find your way around. The house youve grown up in will fit perfectly. Once the place is chosen, move to the next step. Paint the Pictures Lets go with the basics here: say, you need to memorize the list of groceries, which contains milk, avocados, soap and corn flakes. Take the three items and go a little crazy. Imagine avocado, swimming in the canoe down the milk river, floating down the stairs of your house. Then, it takes a machine-gun, and starts shooting with cornflakes. They hit your Moms favorite vase, it breaks into pieces, releasing soap foam all over the place. There you have it: avocado, milk, soap and corn flakes! We remember catchy images much better. The images you create may be ridiculous, scary, sexy, shocking – whatever works for you. Make sure to connect them with a certain location in your mind palace, use the vivid colors and prepare to be surprised with how much you actually can remember. Take a Tour Now, take a stroll around the palace. Use the mental â€Å"anchors† youve left around it and think of an element of your picture. After that you brain will conjure up the whole image, helping you recall the constituents. Thats how you use the loci method. Unleash your creativity and have fun with it. Mind Mapping Mind Mapping is a powerful memorizing technique, effective particularly for non-linear thinkers. It involves drawing a scheme, with the key concept in the center with all the others surrounding it. The notions are organized into branches, which leads first to the important sub-concept and then, inevitably, to the central one. A well-organized mind-map is far more efficient than hours of repetition as it makes you think and build connections in your own way. Go Sober Yeah, this one is a bit sad. Alcohol deteriorates your learning abilities and memory. If you do want to facilitate the memorizing process to the greatest extent, go really light on booze (if youre not ready to give it up entirely). The wisest choice concerning the beverage is red wine: its full of antioxidants and flavanols that help prevent Alzheimers disease and make your memory function better. Military Technique Ready to go tough? This technique has been used to train the intelligence for several decades already. To try it youll need: a room (preferably with no windows), a lamp (with a switch that is easy to reach), a book with the information you need to memorize, a sheet of paper and 15 minutes per day at least during a month. Got it all? Moving to the method then. First, choose the paragraph you need to memorize. Then, take the paper and cut out a part of it that will cover all the page of the book except for the needed paragraph. Place the paper onto the page and turn off the lights. When your eyes adjust to the darkness completely, turn on the light for a couple of seconds. The moment should be enough to see the paragraph in full concentration. Then turn off the light and repeat. The whole procedure may sound weird at first, yet soon youll get used to it and remember the text of the paragraph much quicker. Eat Right A good diet is everything. To literally nourish your brain, make sure you include enough products, containing omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids, potassium, Vitamins E and K. These elements will keep your brain alert, prevent Alzheimers and dementia, boost your mood and ability to focus. Add sufficient amounts of broccoli, nuts, seeds, oily fish and whole grains to your food and get healthier with every meal. Heres a student grocery list which contain everything you need for a healthy diet. Get Pumped Up Exercising has tons of benefits. Apart from toning your body and increasing general fitness, it helps you be more focused, make better decisions and remember information for a long time. While exercising, you accelerate the blood flow, making it bring more oxygen to the brain cells. In addition to that, the post-workout boost of endorphins will make you feel good about yourself, motivate you to work harder and practice all the techniques weve mentioned above. Well, thats pretty much it. Dont give up and quite soon youll become a real memorization monster!

Free Essays on Modern Television

Modern television trends are provocative and revealing enough to cause our ancestors to roll over in their graves but the main question deals with television’s effects on the living. In the article â€Å"Is mayhem TV harming your health† (Louv B-7) Richard Louv discusses how TV can indeed harm one’s health or at least their understanding of the world. It is said that gory television can provoke those who watch to act similarly and it is also said that consistently violent daily news can arouse a person to make severe misconceptions about the well-being of the world. Television is a major vehicle for many things such as learning, advertising, and informing, but in order to assure satisfaction and benefit to the viewer, one must monitor their television experience and evaluate its strengths and weaknesses. Television is a positive means of intellectual development for children and adults alike, but it is to be used in moderation because of its ability to misconst rue reality. First off, television is the hallmark of keeping children occupied by way of fun colors and bright cartoons that incorporate learning into watching a program. In early development there is no substitution for television. I could not picture growing up as a child without my daily fix of â€Å"Sesame Street†. Big Bird’s knowledge, Elmo’s curiosity, and the Count’s arithmetic allowed me to think independently at a young age. Children are smarter today due to advances in teaching and technology. Therefore, it would be unfavorable to deprive a child of watching wholesome educational television. A friend of Richard Louv of the San Diego Union-Tribune, who recently got rid of his only household television states â€Å"We’re frazzled sometimes without our electronic babysitter†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Louv B-7) and I can imagine the difficulty trying to fill the void. Besides using the television as an â€Å"electronic babysitter†, adults can also use television to further t... Free Essays on Modern Television Free Essays on Modern Television Modern television trends are provocative and revealing enough to cause our ancestors to roll over in their graves but the main question deals with television’s effects on the living. In the article â€Å"Is mayhem TV harming your health† (Louv B-7) Richard Louv discusses how TV can indeed harm one’s health or at least their understanding of the world. It is said that gory television can provoke those who watch to act similarly and it is also said that consistently violent daily news can arouse a person to make severe misconceptions about the well-being of the world. Television is a major vehicle for many things such as learning, advertising, and informing, but in order to assure satisfaction and benefit to the viewer, one must monitor their television experience and evaluate its strengths and weaknesses. Television is a positive means of intellectual development for children and adults alike, but it is to be used in moderation because of its ability to misconst rue reality. First off, television is the hallmark of keeping children occupied by way of fun colors and bright cartoons that incorporate learning into watching a program. In early development there is no substitution for television. I could not picture growing up as a child without my daily fix of â€Å"Sesame Street†. Big Bird’s knowledge, Elmo’s curiosity, and the Count’s arithmetic allowed me to think independently at a young age. Children are smarter today due to advances in teaching and technology. Therefore, it would be unfavorable to deprive a child of watching wholesome educational television. A friend of Richard Louv of the San Diego Union-Tribune, who recently got rid of his only household television states â€Å"We’re frazzled sometimes without our electronic babysitter†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Louv B-7) and I can imagine the difficulty trying to fill the void. Besides using the television as an â€Å"electronic babysitter†, adults can also use television to further t...

Timeline of Hernan Cortes Conquest of the Aztecs

Timeline of Hernan Cortes' Conquest of the Aztecs 1492: Christopher Columbus Discovers the New World for Europe. 1502: Christopher Columbus, on his Fourth New World Voyage, meets with some advanced traders: they were likely Mayan vassals of the Aztecs. 1517: Francisco Hernndez de CÃ ³rdoba expedition: three ships explore the Yucatan. Many Spanish are killed in skirmishes with the natives, including Hernandez. 1518 Jan. - Oct.: The Juan de Grijalva Expedition explores the Yucatan and southern part of Mexicos Gulf Coast. Some of those who took part, including Bernal Diaz del Castillo and Pedro de Alvarado, would later Join Cortes expedition. November 18: Hernan Cortes Expedition sets out from Cuba. 1519 March 24: Cortes and his men fight the Maya of Potonchan. After winning the battle, the Lord of Potonchan would give Cortes gifts, including a slave girl Malinali, who would go on to be better known as Malinche, Cortes invaluable interpreter and mistress. April 21: Cortes Expedition reaches San Juan de Ulua. June 3: Spanish visit Cempoala and found settlement of Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz. July 26: Cortes sends a ship with treasure and letters to Spain. August 23: Cortes treasure ship stops in Cuba and rumors start to spread of the wealth discovered in Mexico. September 2-20: Spanish enter Tlaxcalan territory and battle the fierce Tlaxcalans and their allies. September 23: Cortes and his men, victorious, enter Tlaxcala and make important alliances with the leaders. October 14: Spanish enter Cholula. October 25? (exact date unknown) Cholula Massacre: Spanish and Tlaxcalans fall on unarmed Cholulans in one of the city squares when Cortes learns of an ambush awaiting them outside the city. November 1: Cortes expedition leaves Cholula. November 8: Cortes and his men enter Tenochtitlan. November 14: Montezuma arrested and placed under guard by the Spanish. 1520 March 5: Governor Velazquez of Cuba sends Panfilo de Narvaez to rein in Cortes and regain control of the expedition. May: Cortes leaves Tenochtitlan to deal with Narvaez. May 20: Pedro de Alvarado orders the massacre of thousands of Aztec nobles at the Festival of Toxcatl. May 28-29: Cortes defeats Narvaez at the Battle of Cempoala and adds his men and supplies to his own. June 24: Cortes returns to find Tenochtitlan in a state of uproar. June 29: Montezuma is injured while pleading with his people for calm: he will die shortly from his wounds. June 30: the Night of Sorrows. Cortes and his men try to creep out of the city under cover of darkness but are discovered and attacked. Most of the treasure collected thus far is lost. July 7: Conquistadors score a narrow victory at the Battle of Otumba. July 11: Conquistadors reach Tlaxcala where they can rest and regroup. September 15: Cuitlahuac officially becomes the Tenth Tlatoani of the Mexica. October: Smallpox sweeps the land, claiming thousands of lives in Mexico, including Cuitlahuac. December 28: Cortes, his plans in place for the reconquest of Tenochtitlan, leaves Tlaxcala. 1521 February: Cuauhtemoc becomes eleventh Tlatoani of the Mexica. April 28: Brigantines launched in Lake Texcoco. May 22: Siege of Tenochtitlan formally begins: Causeways blockaded as the brigantines attack from the water. August 13: Cuauhtemoc is captured while fleeing Tenochtitlan. This effectively ends the resistance of the Aztec Empire. Sources Diaz del Castillo, Bernal. Trans., ed. J.M. Cohen. 1576. London, Penguin Books, 1963. Print.Levy, Buddy. New York: Bantam, 2008.Thomas, Hugh. New York: Touchstone, 1993.

Anatomy of an e-business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Anatomy of an e-business - Essay Example Now this paper will discuss about making an E-business possible. Starting one and maintaining an E-business is a difficult task. Thus, it is important to think about different things and factors that can affect your E-business in the present and in the future. (Hall, p.1) Of course there are different questions on how to pursue a preferred E-Business. The paper will try to highlight these important questions and topics. When starting an E-business one must be driven to pursue the product or service that the owner wants to. The E-business might suffer setback and losses in time and it is very difficult for anyone to recover but that is part of the cycle that one must look into. A potential investor must be able to realize that it is going to experiences losses and failure at the beginning. (Hall, p.1.) In setting up an E-business, it is assured that each is going to take huge amount of stress along the way. So, a person must be strong enough to handle stress of conducting an E-Business in order to survive in this competitive area. (Hall, p.1.) In determining the right amount of business for its needs, one must look into what a person likes and what the people demand for. It will be a good start in determining what type of E-business to conduct. The paper will now present several suggestions in choosing the right E-business. Venturing in a Bookkeeping E-Business If one is adept in this field, then this might be a good venture. In a bookkeeping business, one must be knowledgeable enough in keeping spreadsheets and doing accounting with adequacy and reliability. (Bregman, p.1) Ensuring customer satisfaction in the facilitation of this E-business, assure steady profits and flow of customers. Offering a consultancy E-business Many industries right now are relying on consultancy firms over the internet. Thus, if a person is adept in this field, then maybe this can be a great start in starting a consultancy E-business firm. It has been reported that there is an increasing demand for consultancy firms online as technological advancement enables communication in various boundaries possible. (Bregman, p.1) It has been reported that in the United States alone, consultancy firms online are earning profits of $ billion dollars. (Bregman, p.1) Maybe it is good thinking about joining the competition in the consulting industry. However, a consulting industry would require a thorough understanding of the client company and can give the ample information that the company needs to have in order to achieve in this E-business endeavor. (Bregman, p.1) Important Elements in Starting E-business As the paper had mentioned awhile ago, venturing in an E-business is not a bed of roses. One must be able to understand that there are risks involved and one must be strong enough to be able to survive. The first one is having a good plan ahead for the business. (Reveron, p.1) This will be elaborated in the next section of the paper. The next element is having the passion to start, continue and finish the jobs that are given. (Reveron, p.1) Having this in background, then you are now capable of venturing to the huge market of E-Business. Creating the Business Plan After accepting that

Crime Scene Investigator Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Crime Scene Investigator - Essay Example The ability to recognize and collect physical evidence properly is always invaluable in solving violent crimes as well as during prosecution. As a matter of fact, the role of a crime scene investigator is in most court cases very critical as he/she is the determining factor as to whether physical proof will be applied while prosecuting or solving violent criminal acts (Crime Scene Investigator Network, n.d). It is important to note that the investigation of a crime scene can either be straightforward or it can come with challenges, which would call for a multidisciplinary approach in order to resolve them. To start with, the investigator can get the wrong impression of the crime scene – for instance, a crime scene that seems to be accidental fire may have been staged to conceal further crimes. Therefore, hurried conclusions may make the investigator to miss out on important clues. The investigator should therefore know that every item that catches his/her attention is importan t and he/she should document it. He/she should thus be observant and diligent following standard procedures for every kind of scene response (Fish, Miller & Braswell, 2010). On arriving at the scene of crime, a crime scene-investigator must do various things and process lots of information. To start with, he/she should start by having a brief interview meeting with the first reporting officer on the scene as well as the lead detective in order to obtain information that can assist him/her comprehend what happened, when it occurred and the order of the events that took place (Domnauer, 2007). This should happen without the investigator getting too much information that is likely to taint his/her perspective. Instead, it should be sharpened in such a way that he/she is able to take the information that he/she received previously and mesh it with that which he/she gathered at the crime scene thereby enabling him/her to come to an impartial and logical determination of the events. In ot her words, the investigator should present the court with an accurate and true crime scene representation remaining unbiased as well as objective all through the proceedings. He/she should leave it for the court to weigh the value of the evidence and determine innocence or guilt (Fish, Miller & Braswell, 2010). Crime Scene Investigator Network (n.d) further records that a crime scene investigator has no substitute for a thoughtful and careful approach, and that he/she must not jump into making immediate conclusions regarding what happened founded on limited evidence. Instead, he/she must come up with several different theories of the crime, keeping those that incoming information at the scene do not eliminate. Rational deductions regarding what happened are generated from information from witnesses as well as the scene appearance. These theories assist in guiding the investigator in documenting specific conditions and identify valuable proof. According to Ruslander (2007), a crime s cene

Business Strategic Management Executive Summary Essay

Business Strategic Management Executive Summary - Essay Example The inclusion of A. C. Markkula brought in the required funds to the company as he was a retired professional with experience of working at Intel. Steve Jobs, the visionary of the three, dreamt about making a computer that is immensely user – friendly and therefore having considerable success with Apple – I, the company focused on Apple – II. But as IBM entered the market of manufacturing computers, the sales revenue and net profit of Apple Computers took a major hit and Steve Jobs was removed from the operational role. In order to replace Steve Jobs, the company banked upon John Sculley as the new CEO, who had a successful stint with Pepsi. Sculley initiated number of major decisions which included cooperative ventures with arch – rivals IBM. The Macintosh computers manufactured by Apple Computers continued to be the major revenue earner for the company. Sculley also decided to outsource some of its operations so that cost could be curtailed. But the efforts were not enough to ensure profitability of Apple Computers and the company faced 34% gross loss. Sculley was ‘promoted’ to be the Chairman by the board while Spindler replaced him as the CEO in the year 1991. Spindler cancelled many of the projects initiated by his predecessors and focused on capturing the international markets. Also, he attacked cost and curtailed research expenses too. Such a measure proved to be fatal for the company in due course of time and he had to resign with $ 69 million loss in 1996. Spindler was succeeded by a director of the board, George Amelio. Amelio cancelled the project of developing next generation Mac operating system. He tried to bring back the company on premium pricing model and acquired NeXT, a Steve Jobs company. Jobs joined Apple Computers again as an advisor and when in the year of 1997, the market share of Apple Computers reduced from 6% to 3%, Amelio was shown the door and Steve Jobs, the founder was made the interim CEO. Being at the helm,

How healthful is fish, really Can we balance mercury and omega 3 fats Essay

How healthful is fish, really Can we balance mercury and omega 3 fats - Essay Example In this respect, the level of pollution and its harmful effects on human beings as a function of the fish and seafood that we eat has perhaps been understood for a longer period of time than has the plethora of positive health effects that omega 3 can portend. Therefore, this brief analysis will consider the pros and cons of eating fish as a determinant of maintaining one’s overall health. However, rather than being a paper that is concentric on a deep and complex understanding of medical statistics and figures, the essay will seek to lay out a logical rubric, supported by medical evidence, for the reasons why the health benefits of eating omega 3 fatty acids far outweighs the overall risks of poisonous/cancerous substances that may or may not be found to a lesser or greater degree within the body of the fish or shellfish itself. In this way, it has long been understood that many types of fish and seafood act as a type of biological filtration system for the natural environmen t (Oken 1718). In this way, some (but notably not all) types of fish and/or seafood have what can only be described as unnaturally high levels of heavy metals and other types of potentially poisonous materials that have been collected in their bodies due to the types of food that is ingested as well as certain key environmental determinants. As such, as researchers have begun to understand the manner in which these creatures collect high concentrations of heavy metals and other types of potentially damaging poisons within their bodies (Rosenberg 8). Accordingly, in order to understand the ways that this effect the human being, a high number of studies have been conducted that have sought to measure and quantify and project the level to which these toxins have exhibited or will possibly exhibit in the future a negative health impact on those who regularly incorporate fish or shellfish into their diet (Marona 55). The end result of the majority of these studies have indicated that alt hough the heavy metals, to include mercury, PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) and others, can have the effect of increasing one’s overall risk of developing a type of cancer, the overall statistical incidence of the increase in cancer rate is so miniscule as to not warrant a cessation of eating fish/shellfish so as to avoid the negative health consequences that are exhibited by the existence of mercury/PCBs etc (Foran 15). Such an understanding is of course at odds with some members of the medical science community that continue to put forward the idea that the existence of key poisons and heavy metals within these fish/shellfish as a function of health risk are not always exhibited within the short time span that some of these studies have taken into account (Olson 133). Naturally, when comparing the net positive of eating fish/shellfish as compared to the net health risks associated with the potential ingestion of various concentrated heavy metals and poisons, one must consi der the fact that reduction of risk with regards to the what omega 3 fatty acids provide with respect to heart health is greatly more statistically significant than the increased of risk of certain types of cancer associated with the ingestion of certain impurities. Such an important distinction is useful to note due to

Huckleberry Finn Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Huckleberry Finn - Essay Example Being the protagonist, he has shown an incredibly unbelievable wit and courage for his age, giving away his treasure to the lawyer only to protect it from his squandering father. He was quite creative to have made up a solution for his problems regarding his father and other problems he faced along the way. His courage would be much admired, braving the difficulties of living on his own and trying to survive a cruel world. As the hero of the story, Huck was not just presented with difficulties he had to overcome by his father or other people around him but by the works of nature as well like death and fear, making him have the feelings of the audience toward him. In addition to this role, Huck is also the focal character who stirs up the curiosity in the reader to the next event of his life, holding their attention to the end of the story. His being the focal character also raises excitement in the audience as well as his emotions but not necessarily to empathize with the character. As the protagonist, the character of Huck was the most essential in the story because the narration is molded around his character and the events in his life.

How healthful is fish, really Can we balance mercury and omega 3 fats Essay

How healthful is fish, really Can we balance mercury and omega 3 fats - Essay Example In this respect, the level of pollution and its harmful effects on human beings as a function of the fish and seafood that we eat has perhaps been understood for a longer period of time than has the plethora of positive health effects that omega 3 can portend. Therefore, this brief analysis will consider the pros and cons of eating fish as a determinant of maintaining one’s overall health. However, rather than being a paper that is concentric on a deep and complex understanding of medical statistics and figures, the essay will seek to lay out a logical rubric, supported by medical evidence, for the reasons why the health benefits of eating omega 3 fatty acids far outweighs the overall risks of poisonous/cancerous substances that may or may not be found to a lesser or greater degree within the body of the fish or shellfish itself. In this way, it has long been understood that many types of fish and seafood act as a type of biological filtration system for the natural environmen t (Oken 1718). In this way, some (but notably not all) types of fish and/or seafood have what can only be described as unnaturally high levels of heavy metals and other types of potentially poisonous materials that have been collected in their bodies due to the types of food that is ingested as well as certain key environmental determinants. As such, as researchers have begun to understand the manner in which these creatures collect high concentrations of heavy metals and other types of potentially damaging poisons within their bodies (Rosenberg 8). Accordingly, in order to understand the ways that this effect the human being, a high number of studies have been conducted that have sought to measure and quantify and project the level to which these toxins have exhibited or will possibly exhibit in the future a negative health impact on those who regularly incorporate fish or shellfish into their diet (Marona 55). The end result of the majority of these studies have indicated that alt hough the heavy metals, to include mercury, PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) and others, can have the effect of increasing one’s overall risk of developing a type of cancer, the overall statistical incidence of the increase in cancer rate is so miniscule as to not warrant a cessation of eating fish/shellfish so as to avoid the negative health consequences that are exhibited by the existence of mercury/PCBs etc (Foran 15). Such an understanding is of course at odds with some members of the medical science community that continue to put forward the idea that the existence of key poisons and heavy metals within these fish/shellfish as a function of health risk are not always exhibited within the short time span that some of these studies have taken into account (Olson 133). Naturally, when comparing the net positive of eating fish/shellfish as compared to the net health risks associated with the potential ingestion of various concentrated heavy metals and poisons, one must consi der the fact that reduction of risk with regards to the what omega 3 fatty acids provide with respect to heart health is greatly more statistically significant than the increased of risk of certain types of cancer associated with the ingestion of certain impurities. Such an important distinction is useful to note due to

CRJ 520 DRNC WE6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

CRJ 520 DRNC WE6 - Essay Example Also, a high percentage of the labor forces in NPS are sourced from various faith based agencies which are aimed at the rehabilitation of the mentally ill people, homeless people and people who are looking for an opportunity to start life anew. The Nationwide Professional Services (NPS) works in collaboration with one such faith based agency known as New Person Ministries which operates in South Florida. The New Person Ministries (NPM) helps for rehabilitation and provision of jobs for persons who had been convicted of sexual crimes at some point of their lives. The labors sourced by this agency include sexual offenders who belong to the sexual predator lists and the sexual offenders list of the State of Florida. The sex offenders attending the rehabilitation programs are not fully normalized and there remain chances of threat for the visitors from these sex offenders. The risk assessment with respect to a sex offender is done on the basis of considering the statistical probability o f the sex offender committing similar sexual offenses. The sex offenders generally have a type of mental disorder or abnormality which may instigate them to repeat their crimes without any consideration of the punishments that may follow the crimes. The DRNC is being held in the American Arena area of Miami where security threats are high. Thus, this may encourage the sex offenders included in the labor force of Nationwide Professional Services (NPS) to repeat their crimes. This would mean exposing the visitors and attenders of the DRNC to high threats and risks of being victims to crime. There are some differences between the individuals enlisted in the Sexual Predators list and those enlisted in the Sexual offenders list. Sexual predators are those people who are convicted of the violation of various sections of the Criminal Codes. Attempted violations of these criminal codes of a state also lead to the enlistment of the individuals in the Sexual Predator list.

Glow Essay Example for Free

Glow Essay Investigation of the effect of cold temperatures on the lasting time of glow sticks. Aim: to investigate whether freezing a glow stick will affect its longevity. Hypothesis: The glow sticks will last longer when they are frozen than when they are at room temperature. Background information: Glow sticks are made of hydrogen peroxide, a phenyl oxalate called ester, and phosphorescent dye. The ester and phosphorescent dye are kept in one part of the glow stick, the hydrogen peroxide in the other, separated by a piece of glass. No chemical reaction occurs until the glass breaks, combining the chemicals together inside the tube. Cooling a glow stick slows the reaction a slightly and causes it to last longer, but the light is dimmer. This can be demonstrated by freezing an activated glow stick. When it is reheated, it will begin to glow again. However, if the chemical reaction has already occurred and the glow stick has already gone out, freezing the glow stick will not cause it to begin glowing again. A high quality glow stick will last 8-12 hours, provided there is no otherwise interference. It will glow faintly for about one day after this time period is over, however the primary glow will have gone out. Other factors, such as the color of the glow stick (Green, yellow and orange are the brightest colors and therefore last the longest. ), the previous treatment of the glow sticks (Sometimes, a glow stick will have been accidently activated by being knocked over or bumped before the activator intends to, meaning that the chemical reaction may have already occurred by the time it is intended to be activated. ) and the amount of light they are exposed to and for how long. (Being hit with direct light damages the glow stick, lessening its longevity. )

Silicon Solar Cell Grid And Bus Bar Design Engineering Essay

Silicon Solar Cell Grid And Bus Bar Design Engineering Essay In this paper, we shall be designing and explaining the process for fabricating the top grid and busbar electrodes for a crystalline silicon solar cell using commercial processing techniques, such as screen-printing. The solar cell must be kept at a minimum of 20.8% conversion efficiency and we must keep our power losses under 8% using commercially available technology and inks. INTRODUCTION Solar cell technology is a rapidly growing form of power generation. There are new and improved processes being developed and understood all the time. In this paper, we will introduce, design, and calculate the properties and a process of fabricating a crystalline silicon solar cell. A solar cell is an electronic device that converts sunlight into electricity, using what is known as the photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic effect is the basic physical process in which a PV cell converts sunlight into energy. The sunlight, containing photons, strikes the PV cell and are either reflected or absorbed. When the PV cell absorbs a photon with an adequate energy level, an electron is excited to the conduction band, which produces a hole in the valence band. Once the electron-hole pair is formed, the built-in electric field separates the electron from the hole and then the two charges can contribute to current flow in the PV cell. Once this hole is formed a built-in electric field is needed to drive the current to an external load, assuming one is connected. The built in electric field is a property of the PV cell consisting of an n-type (negative) and a p-type (positive) semiconductor formed together. When these two materials, normally positively or negatively doped silicon, are together, they create a pathway for excess electrons in the n-type material to flow to the p-type material. This causes the holes to flow into the n-type material from the p-type material. Through this process of electron and hole flow, the electric field is created and needed to force the electrons to jump to the surface in order to become available for use in the electrical circuit as shown below in figure 1. [1] With light, charge imbalance, generates voltage across terminals No voltage across diode, No Current Load connected, Current flows Figure 1: Different stages of PV cell [2]. Problem: Our job was to design grids and busbars, outline a fabrication process for putting down the grids and busbars on top of the crystalline silicon solar cell using commercial printing inks for making ohmic contacts, and describe the commercial processing techniques we are using, such as screen-printing. Our initial constraints are that the silicon solar cell is a square such that its dimensions are 10cm by 10cm. Also, the cell is such that, when there are no resistive or grid-shadowing losses, it produces a current density of 40 mA/cm2. The cell also produces a voltage of 0.65 V, a fill factor of 80% and an energy conversion efficiency of 20.8%. We are assuming that the sheet resistance of the p layer is 100 ohms/square. We also must calculate the shadowing loss due to the blocked sunlight from the grids and the busbar on the solar cell. In addition to those losses, we must take into account the resistive losses in the top junction layer with the cells sheet resistance, grids and busbar s. While fabricating this solar cell, the losses are to be minimized such that the sum is to be less than 8%. MATHEMATICAL DERIVATIONS In this section the mathematical equations for calculating various losses in the solar cell will be derived. Below in table 1 is the design parameters and constraints given for this solar cell. Parameters given in the design project specifications Parameter Value Description Light-generated current density Open-circuit voltage Fill factor Energy conversion efficiency Sheet resistance of the p-layer Area of the solar cell Table 1: Design parameters for solar cell Using the parameters given above, the optical power incident on the solar cell is given by manipulating the equation into the form which gives . The power generated by the cell is given by . The voltage at the maximum power point Vm is determined by using the following equation: [2]. Using this value of Vm, the current at the maximum power point Im was then determined with the following equation: The losses in the solar cell are caused by resistance in the bus bar, resistance in the fingers, resistance in the base and emitter layers, and shadowing by the bus bar and fingers. The resistivity per square of the ink used in this cell is measured at 25 µm thick [5]. The resistivity of the ink is then calculated by . A MATLAB program was written to help determine the optimum spacing between the fingers of the solar cell. The code that was written can be seen in the back of this paper located in the appendix. The graph generated by the program is in figure 2. C:UsersGenDocumentsEE 332Final ProjectFinger Spacing Chart.png Figure 2: Total Power Loss versus Finger Spacing. From the graph we determined the optimal spacing between fingers to be 2.5mm. The power lost in each finger is given by where Lf is the length of the finger, Sf is the spacing between fingers, à Ã‚ f is the resistivity of the finger, wf is the width of the finger, and df is the height of the finger. A summary of the design parameters used here are shown in Table 2. Once the power lost in each finger is known, the total resistive losses in the fingers can be calculated by multiplying by the number of fingers . The power loss in the bus bar is calculated by where Lb is the length of the bus bar, à Ã‚ b is the resistivity of the bus bar, wb is the width of the bus bar, and db is the height of the bus bar. The power loss in the emitter of the solar cell is calculated by where à Ã‚ em is the resistance per square of the emitter. There are losses due to shadowing of the solar cell caused by the fingers and bus bar blocking light. The shadowing losses is calculated by where Nb is the number of bus bars. The total power losses in the solar cell is then calculated by . We can then determine the percentage of power losses to be which is below the 8% loss specified for this design project. CELL FABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES Cell Fabrication: When it comes to fabrication techniques of solar cells there are a few techniques to pick from. These choices mainly consist of screen printed solar cells, buried contact solar cells, high efficiency solar cells, and rear contact solar cells. For the purpose of this paper the method of choice that will be used is screen printing. The screen printing process can be a cheaper process and is often comprised of fewer steps than other methods. Screen printing has been around for quite some time, though originally designed for printing graphics, advertisements, flyers, etc.; one of these screen printing machines can be seen in figure 2. http://www.phoseon.com/img/Screen_Print_iStock_000008690558XSmall.jpg Figure 2: One of the arms of a machine that holds a screen, squeegee, and ink. [3] As far as the physical screen printing portion of semiconducting devices or in our case a solar cell it is a pretty simple idea. A screen is created in the form of a negative just as film in a camera. Certain areas of the screen allow ink to pass through and others do not. This screen can be made of different materials such as silk, metal, plastics. The screen is used to hold the ink that will be transferred to the target object, in this particular scenario a wafer of crystalline silicon or c-Si. Saw damage etch: After the blocks of silicon are cut into wafers, roughly .5mm thick, the saw leaves behind a residue that was used as a coolant during the cutting process. [2] The wafers get loaded into cassettes so that they can be cleaned as show in figure 3. The wafers are then cleaned in a hot sodium hydroxide bath to remove the contamination left behind. This process removes the first 10 micrometers of silicon which was damaged during the cutting process. Once this has taken place the silicon is then placed into another, more diluted, sodium hydroxide bath which has been mixed with isopropanol as a wetting agent to etch the surface of the silicon wafers. This process gives a very uniform etch rate when c-Si wafers are used as the primary substrate. http://www.pveducation.org/sites/default/files/PVCDROM/Manufacturing/Images/MVC-420F.JPG Figure 3: Multicrystalline silicon wafers in cassettes are ready to be cleaned [2]. Junction formation by doping: The wafers have now been cleaned and are ready to be doped. This process will create an n-type layer on the c-Si. This n-type layer is created by applying a phosphorus coating to the silicon and then firing the wafers. The wafers are in what is called a diffusion coating furnace where the layer of phosphorus is deposited on to the wafers. The wafers are then moved to a different furnace where they are fired at a temperature roughly 800-1000 degrees Celsius. The firing process incorporates the phosphorus layer into the outer surface of the silicon wafer. Edge isolation: Edge isolation is a process in which the newly doped silicon wafers have the front and back sides isolated from each other. This is done by first stacking the wafers together and then loading them in to a plasma etching system. In this system the sides of the wafers will be plasma etched by using CF4 and O2. This process will remove the phosphorus dopant from the sides of the wafers thus separating the two n-type surfaces encompassing the silicon. Anti-reflection coating: One more step is needed before the wafers can begin the screen printing process and this is the application of an anti-reflection coating. This is a very important step because it is this coating that helps to reduce the amount of reflected photons, which in turn helps increase the efficiency of the solar cell.[4] For this step silicon nitride is used via a process called chemical vapor deposition process or CVD. During this process the chemicals are fed into the deposition chamber and they break down and adhere to the wafer. The actual chemical process for this is 3SiH4 + 4NH3 -> Si3N4 + 12H2. [2] Screen printing the rear contact: Now that the wafers have been doped, the front and back have been isolated from each other, and they have been coated with an anti-reflection coating they are now ready to receive the rear contacts. This is done through the screen printing process discussed earlier on in this paper. A screen carrying a metal paste is lowered over the top of the solar cell and then a squeegee pushes the paste through holes, transferring it to the cell in the desired pattern, this can be seen below in figure 4. This process is usually repeated twice for both the front and back sides of the solar cell, each of which both distributing different patterns to the solar cell. The first usually deposits an aluminum mask across the back of the cell to create the back surface field. [2] Figure 4: Squeegee pushing metallic ink across a screen. [2] The cell is then dried in an oven to remove all of the organic solvents and binders before the next screen takes place. The second screen on the back of the solar cell deposits a silver paste which is used for the contacts on the solar cell. After performing the second screen print on the back of the solar cell it is then placed in to an oven and fired at a higher temperature. During this process the metal and wafer are heated to a high enough temperature to destroy the n-layer allowing the metals printed on the cell to become in contact with the p-type silicon itself. Screen printing the front contact: Now that we have printed the back side of the solar cell it gets flipped over for the printing of the conductive fingers and the main busbars. This is the exact same process as explained earlier when printing the rear side of the solar cell except for the fact that the screens will have different designs to create the buss bar and finger system as mentioned. For the purpose of this paper we will be using a DuPont Solamet PV412 ink. The properties of this ink can be seen below in figure 5. Figure 5: Specification sheet for DuPont Solamet PV412 ink. [5] In between these two steps the wafers will be put into a drier around 200 degrees Celsius to dry the ink as said before on the back side. Once the second screen is transferred the wafer will again go back into an oven to fire the chosen metal paste into the silicon. A finished image of the front of a solar cell is shown in figure 6. http://www.ecn.nl/typo3temp/pics/db94f2dc2b.png Figure 6: Front of a finished solar cell [6] TECHNOLOGIES CHOSEN FOR THIS APPLICATION Why screen printing is used: Screen printing technology, where a metal-containing conductive paste is forced through the openings of a screen onto a wafer to form the circuits or contacts, is one of the best established and one of the most mature forms of solar cell fabrication technology. [7] First developed in the 1970s, screen-printing is currently the dominant form of fabrication of photovoltaic modules. [2] While screen printing does reduce the efficiency of a solar cell by 3.5-4% when comparing it to the best and more expensive methods, however, there are advantages to this fabrication method. [6] Some of the key advantages are the technologys simplicity in fabricating the solar cell, its cost-effectiveness and its ease of control. Why silicon is used: Currently, crystalline silicon is the dominant material used in the photovoltaic market, even though silicon does not have optimum material parameters. Specifically, its band gap is a little too low for an optimum solar cell and it has a low absorption coefficient. Due to silicons abundance and its prominence in the manufacturing industry, silicon still makes it difficult for other materials to compete in this market. [8] Why silver is used: Many factors come into play when deciding the material to be used in the solar cell. Some factors include the materials efficiency, its conductivity, its adhesion strength, as well as its cost effectiveness. Silver, being a great conductor of electricity, is used in the contact points. A well-formulated silver paste could have almost 50% higher conductivity compared to other pastes. [9] Silver also has great adhesion strength that meets the general costumer requirements. FINAL FABRICATION PROCESS DESCRIPTION Table 2 is a summary of the final design parameters for this solar cell. Table 2: Final Design Parameters Parameter Value Description Voltage at maximum power output Current density at max power output Maximum power output without losses Resistance per square of the emitter [10] Resistance per square of the ink [5] Resistivity of the ink Spacing between fingers Width of the fingers Height of the fingers Length of the fingers 80 Number of fingers Length of the bus bar Width of the bus bar Table 3 is a summary of the calculated losses of the solar cell associated with the grid and bus bars. Table 3: Calculated Power Losses Power losses due to shadowing Power losses in the emitter Power losses in the fingers Power losses in the bus bar Total power losses Percentage power losses The Final Fabrication After all of the multiple steps of screen printing are completed and the wafers have been fired at the appropriate temperatures for the correct amount of time, the solar cells are complete. Keep in mind that the stages of manufacturing where the wafers are fired must be done correctly to get the desired solar cell. If the temperature is to high this will cause the metals to melt together and make contact with others causing possible short circuit or giving the wafer improper properties. After this process is successfully completed, the cells can then have leads soldered to the back sides of them. This completes production of the physical solar cell and just leaves the process of soldering leads to the back side of the wafers which will allow the cells to be wired in series to achieve the desired output voltage. In conclusion the initial parameters included a minimum of 20.8% conversion efficiency and the power loss was to be kept under 8% by using commercially available inks and technology. We were able to achieve a conversion efficiency of 20.8% and we were able to reduce our power lost to 4.64% by screen printing our c-Si solar cells and also reducing the width while increasing the height of the fingers and busbars. REFERENCES [1] Reprinted from U.S. Department of Energy Photovoltaics Program. [Online]. Available: http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blsolar3.htm [Nov. 15, 2012] [2] Christiana Honsberg, Stuart Bowden. Photovoltaic Education Network [Online]. Available: http://www.pveducation.org/ [Nov. 1, 2012] . [3] Phoseon Technology Screen Printing. [Online]. Available: http://www.phoseon.com/applications/screen-printing.htm [Nov. 4, 2012] [4] Daniel Nilsen Wright. (2008, Jan, 16) Anti-reflection coatings for silicon solar cells [Online]. Available: http://www.sintef.no/uploadpages/24509/Daniel%20N%20Wright.pdf [Nov 3, 2012] [5] DuPont Solamet PV412 photovoltaic metallization [Online]. Available: http://www2.dupont.com/MCM/en_US/assets/downloads/prodinfo/Solamet_PV412.pdf [6] Jaap Hoornstra. Better printing delivers more solar power. ECN (Sep. 2010). [Online]. Available: http://www.ecn.nl/nl/nieuws/newsletter-en/2010/september-2010/two-stage- screen-printing-improves-solar-cell/ [Nov. 6, 2012] [7] Applied Materials. (April 2011). Screen Printing For Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. [Online]. Available: http://www.appliedmaterials.com/sites/default/files/ [Nov. 15, 2012] [8] Jessika Toothman and Scott Aldous. How Solar Cells Work. [Online]. Availabe: http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/solar-cell2.htm [Nov. 15, 2012] [9] Dr. Weiming Zhang. How Silver Paste Can Improve Silicon Solar Cell Performance/Cost Ratio. [Online]. Available: http://pvsilverpaste.com/media/webmedia_local/media/whitepapers/HowSilverPasteCanI mproveYourPerformance.pdf [Nov. 15, 2012] [10] Yelundur, V.; Nakayashiki, K.; Hilali, M.; Rohatgi, A.; , Implentation of a homogeneous high-sheet-resistance emitter in multicrystalline silicon solar cells, Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2005. Conference Record of the Thirty-first IEEE , vol., no., pp. 959- 962, 3-7 Jan. 2005 URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=arnumber=1488291 isnumber=31426

The Sheltering Sky :: essays research papers

The Sheltering Sky Part One: My Vision   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After reading the novel, The Sheltering Sky by Paul Bowles, it was difficult to imagine how one could transform the novel into a satisfying film. How could one imitate such descriptive settings and emotions without the advantage of Paul Bowles' wording? Also the novel does not have the plot of a typical movie, even an action or love story, and the ending is not conclusive. Could actors today play the deep and complex characters as they are portrayed in the book? These were some of the complications I considered when deciding how I would produce the movie.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To start to picture the film, I began to think of the actors I would choose to portray the main characters of the movie. I pictured Kit as a rather frail, pretty, blonde character perhaps played by Gwyneth Paltrow. Port should be played by an actor who can generate a sense of strength and independence as shown by the character in the book. He should be a masculine individual, but definitely have a quiet, introspective side. I would like to see Harrison Ford or a similar actor play this part. Tunner should be portrayed with the right mix of good looks and charm combined with a devious underlying air which causes one to question his motives. Perhaps an actor such as Hank Azaria would be a good Tunner.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I would try to shoot as many scenes as possible on location in the Sahara. By doing this, the viewer can gain a sense of the openness and vastness of the desert without the help of Bowles' descriptive wording. I would try hard to show the harshness of the heat and the burden of the dust which might cause one to react differently than in normal circumstances. I would enhance these sensations by using soft African music with flutes and horns.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think central to the plot should be the change that occurred in Port and Kit's relationship after the bike ride to the top of the dune. Before this, their relationship was shaky and they were not as dependent on each other. Afterward, though, their relationship deepened and this sets the stage for Port's traumatic death. Port's death would definitely be a turning point in my film and a very emotional moment. I would try to display the raw pain and emotion of death as Bowles' does so eloquently in the book.

Comparing Benjamin Franklin to Mary Rowlandson Essay

The literature written during this time period reveals the important part the supernatural (God) played during those changing times. The new world was struggling for a new identity. Were these individuals also defining the role of God to themselves? In this discussion the lives of Mary Rowlandson and Benjamin Franklin will be compared. Each penned a narrative of their life experiences. There are marked contrasts and comparisons between these two individuals in relation to their perceptions of God. Religion was a dynamic part of life in Colonial America. A shift from faith to deism was occurring. The Puritans of this time were escaping the Church of England. Their hope was to return to the more primitive ways, to reject the churches hierarchy and ritual. Mary Rowlandson, a puritan in Lancaster, Massachusetts was seized by Indians, along with three of her children in 1676. In her narrative she recounts the story of her survival in the wilderness for a period of three months. She is tak en away from her home and husband, â€Å"all was gone (except my life); and I knew not but the next moment what might go too. Benjamin Franklin’s The Autobiography is an account of his life and begins with his boyhood in Boston. He later flees to Philadelphia to escape his brother’s rule over him. He relates how he was â€Å"dirty†, â€Å"fatigu’d†, and â€Å"Want of Rest†. In these depictions we can see a similarity. Both individuals are removed from their homes and families. Although Benjamin Franklin’s removal was of his own free will. They each suffered as they no longer had the comforts of which they were comfortable. Rowlandson’s faith was amazing considering all that she endured. Throughout the narrative she must rely on her faith in God. She includes numerous verses from the Bible to offer explanations for all that she has suffered, â€Å"Wait on the Lord: be of good courage, and he shall strengthen thine heart: wait, I say on the Lord†. It is also noted that she was able to use her trade to survive, â€Å"knitting a pair of white cotto n stockings for my mistress†. This is also a parallel to Franklin in that he also used his trade to survive. But one must ask what is moving Rowlandson? Is she writing for posterity or is she simply egocentric? Rowlandson has portrayed herself as the ultimate Puritan. Was the glory to God or to herself? She also relates here â€Å"how many Sabbaths I  had lost and misspent†. It is fascinating to note that toward the end of the narrative she begins to see that her fate is in God’s hands, â€Å"When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee†. At the end she recounts her old ways, â€Å"I have seen the extreme vanity of this world†. Franklin, states, â€Å"I had been religiously educated†, I rarely attended any Public Worship†. Some of the doctrine he described as â€Å"unintelligible†, â€Å"others doubtful†. He saw a need to center authority for our lives not in God but in oneself. He also noted â€Å"My conduct may be blamable, but I leave it without attempting farther to excuse it†. Franklin is explaining his behavior but not making apologies. It is also noted that he reveals that he had undertaken â€Å"the bold and arduous Project of arriving at moral perfection†. He had also written a â€Å"Form of Prayer for my own private use†. In Franklin’s â€Å"Thirteen Names of Virtues†, He lists the qualities he deems â€Å"Desirable†. Originally there were only 12 but â€Å"a Quaker friend kindly inform’d me that I was generally thought proud†. The last virtue is humility, and his statement â€Å"imitate Jesus and Socrates†, reflect deism. Although Franklin does state that he was not able to achieve this virtue, he reveals, â€Å"I had a good deal with regard to the Appearance of it†. Franklin also had a â€Å"Memorandum Book†, in which he kept track of his virtues. The book was lined in red ink and his faults were marked in black, â€Å"which marks I could easily wipe out with a wet sponge†. Could this possibly be an analogy to God? Franklin is establishing his own destiny in relation with his deist beliefs. The ideas he projects are decency, justice and belief that happiness may be found in secular values. Near the end Franklin journals his â€Å"Scheme† and communicates it â€Å"was not wholly without Religion† but it did not necessarily reflect any â€Å"particular sect†. An illusion of the America to come? A new world which offered religious freedom? This America in its infancy was establishing an identity free from the mother land. Breaking the tie that binds is never easy. In his Autobiography Franklin was seeking to establish a new identity for the new world. This parallels Rowlandson in that she at the end of her captivity has evolved into a new person. Although Rowlandson has placed her fate more in the hands of her God. Franklin suggests that man controls his own destiny but also makes reference throughout to God. He must deal with his excessive pride, even as Mary Rowlandson has dealt with her own vanity. Hence the supernatural (God) did help to shape our  country to what it is today. Our beliefs reflect what our purpose is, what our identity is. Mary Rowlandson and Benjamin Franklin were setting the standards for Americans to aspire to be. Mary Rowlandson contributes to a young American nation searching for its identity the power of survival without conforming to the behaviors and acts of others. Her faith and trust in God sustained her from becoming like the savagely, as she first perceived, people who took her by force into captivity. At the end of her journey dependence on the grace and providence of God was displayed. In my opinion this is a great contribution to any nation seeking its identity. Benjamin Franklin contributions were/are remarkable. He advocated personal responsibility, intellectual curiosity, honesty, persistence, and prudence—principles that have helped people everywhere lift themselves up. He encouraged an entrepreneurial culture which creates opportunity and hope through peaceful cooperation. He affirmed that by improving yourself and helping your neighbors you can make a free society succeed. His most glorious invention was—and is—the American dream.

National Integration in India. Essay

National Integration is a feeling that binds together the citizens of our country and make us to think and act as if we are one. India is a land of diversity. There are many languages, religions, castes, races and cultures in India. Since ancient times, people belonging to different communities, races, religion and cultural groups have been living in harmony. Toleration is characteristic feature of India’s culture and heritage. During the Mughal and British rule, there had been many attempts to weaken this unity. Using the policy of divide and rule, they created a disunity among the people by instigating communal feelings. National Integration is of great significance in a country like India where varied cultures, religions and languages exist. Integration is not achieved in India because of communalism, castism and linguistic differences. The need for national integration is of utmost importance at this period of India’s history. National integration is very essential for social peace and harmony. No progress can be made in the field of art, literature, science, technology and economy without integration. India cannot play an effective role in the international arena unless she sets her own house in order. We cannot enjoy peace and security unless there is mutual trust and good will among all sections of our people. For national integration , it is very essential that people should give up communal and sectarial outlook. They should consider themselves as Indians first and Indians last .The evils of casteism and linguistic isolation should be rooted out. Economic inequalities among the people should also be removed. Only in this manner can we lay the foundation of a strong and united India.

Achieve Universal Primary Education Essay

My Millennium Development Goal (MDG) is about achieving Primary education in less developed countries. The goal is to have all children, boys and girls, complete a full course of primary schooling by the year of 2015. This means that everyone can get into school and get a full education so they can read, write and learn. It will help them to be more independent and give them the opportunity to get a job in the future. Primary education is the basis for high-quality skills development in numeracy and literacy, which are critical for skills development in scientific and technological education. Through giving additional aids to the countries that need it and by helping them pay their depths the amounts of children who are getting education is rising. By giving more education to kids, some countries are starting to have problems with reaching the full amount of teachers they need. For primary education to move towards its potential, however, a minimum threshold of five or six years of schooling is needed. This potential would be boosted if primary school completion were followed by secondary education. Almost 12 years ago, thanks to this Millennium Development Goal, an extra 34 million Children have been able to get their primary education. This is a very important goal for the world so the economy of poorer countries can reach a higher level. If there would be more jobs, and the poverty would go down, there would not be as many problems with food, money and education in these developing regions. Enrolment in primary education has continued to rise, reaching 89 per cent in the developing world. But the pace of progress is insuficient to ensure that, by 2015, all girls and boys complete a full course of primary schooling. To achieve the goal by the target date, all children at the official entry age for primary school would have had to be attending classes by 2009 or so, depending on the duration of the primary level and how well schools retain pupils to the end of the cycle. Many African countries are on track to achieve this goal. Some have made progress on net enrolment, with most countries reaching 90 per cent. The aggregate net primary school enrolment for Africa rose from 64 per cent in 2000 to 84 per cent in 2009. Most African countries have made. However, countries such as Djibouti and Eritrea still have very low net enrolment. If this Goal could be reached the countries could start developing a lot faster and try to reach the level that many countries, such as many countries in Europe have already done. I think the goal can be completed with enough support of the other countries. My MDG should be sorted first because education is crucial element for human development. It decides what are children going to do on their future depending on their capacity. Achieving Universal Primary Education is also imporant to make women as powerful as men. Achieve Universal Primary Education Essay Developing countries have made impressive advances toward universal primary education. Enrolment in primary education has continued to rise, reaching 90 percent in the developing world in 2011—an increase from 83 percent in 2000. Most of this progress, however, was made before 2004. Global numbers of out-of-school children are dropping too slowly and too unevenly for the target to be reached by 2015. Persistent gaps and challenges that need to be addressed include increasing the number of girls who go to school, reaching the most marginalized, and ensuring quality education in fragile states. The children who fall within these categories account for almost half of all out-of-school children. Between 2008 and 2010 the number of primary-school-age children in sub-Saharan Africa who did not attend school climbed from 29 million to 31 million. The gender gap in the out-of-school population has narrowed, but it is still wide: worldwide, an estimated 35 million primary-school-age girls are not enrolled. Nevertheless, several countries that were the furthest behind are on track to reach gender parity by 2015. nrolment in primary education in developing regions reached 90 per cent in 2010, up from 82 per cent in 1999, which means more kids than ever are attending primary school. In 2011, 57 million children of primary school age were out of school. Even as countries with the toughest challenges have made large strides, progress on primary school enrollment has slowed. One in ten children of primary school age was still out of school in 2012. Gender gaps in youth literacy rates are also narrowing. Globally, 781 million adults and 126 million youth (aged 15 to 24) worldwide lack basic reading and writing skills, and more than 60 per cent of them are women.

The Marketing Practice For Unsigned Independent Artists And Their Essay

The Marketing Practice For Unsigned Independent Artists And Their Music - Essay Example However, McCarthy (1987) prefers a more explicit explanation ÃŽ ¿f the marketing mix, suggesting that the mix is "a set ÃŽ ¿f controllable variables which the organization puts together to satisfy a target group." A representative marketing mix involves a product provided at a price, combined with some level ÃŽ ¿f promotion to attract potential customers, along with a way (a "place") to meet those customers (McCarthy, 1987). In service marketing, McColl-Kennedy and Kiel (2003) identify three extended elements for marketers. In addition to the traditional 4 Ps, McColl-Kennedy and Kiel (2003) stress the core role ÃŽ ¿f people in a service industry, including both employees and customers or potential customers. Additionally, the service process and physical evidence take on additional importance in service industries. All process can produce best results for the marketing of unsigned independent artists and their music. Kotler defines the product as a combination ÃŽ ¿f goods and service s (Kotler et al, 2001). Given the service focus ÃŽ ¿f their work, McColl-Kennedy, and Kiel (2003) define a product more generally. They term a product merely as a bundle ÃŽ ¿f attributes--some tangible, some intangible--offered to a buyer by a seller.Marketing and management theorists agree on the simple concept ÃŽ ¿f price.

CALCULUS 3 (LAGRANGE MULTIPLIERS) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CALCULUS 3 (LAGRANGE MULTIPLIERS) - Essay Example It is possible to find the minima or maxima of a given function f of several variables given that the variables have restrictions. Langrage multipliers help us minimize or maximize functions with constraints that are points on a definite surface (Stewart, 67). Finding critical points of a function f (w, x, y) on a level surface or subject to the constraint g (w, x, y) = M. Solving this problem requires a solving the following series of simultaneous equations. ÃŽ » is a dummy variable known as a langrage multiplier. The most important variable in the equation are w, x, and y. After solving for the critical values, you insert them into the function to find the maxima and the minima. The critical points where the function is greatest are maxima while where it is smallest are minima (Stewart, 72). Solving the system equations can be a difficult task. In order to solve for the critical points in an easier way, one should consider the following tricks; Solve for ÃŽ » in terms of the variables w, x, and y to eliminate it from the equations. Solve any of the variables in terms of the other variables. Consider both the positive and negative square roots whenever using a square root (Courant,

Nature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nature - Essay Example Seyyed Hossein Nasr, who is a renowned contemporary academician on Islamic religiousness, states that:   â€Å"If virgin nature serves as support for recollection or remembrance of God, it is because it was created by the Divine Artisan, one of God’s names being al-Åžani’, literally the Divine Artisan or Maker.† Accordingly, one of the influences the secular ethnicities can make to the use, experience, preservation, and enjoyment of nature is an idea of delight, and admiration for its own sake.   The western puritanical work ethic, and its meanings of wealth as the buildup of material properties, has overpowered the whole tenacity of human affiliation to nature.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"If every creature of the world is for us look, picture, and mirror.† Our role is, somewhat, to yield joy in, and enjoyment in caring and preserving a world in which we can learn and grow in wisdom. Use, experience, preservation, and enjoyment of nature is not only a holiday commotion, or a one week ordinary trip.   It is a way of life and undertaking that permeates normal life.   Enjoyment, like praise, is one of the most beneficially healing and naturally occurring states.   To introduce that kind of a state of imaginative farsightedness into our home and workplaces, institutes and homesteads, would definitely transform us from handlers into appreciators of

Principles of Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Principles of Marketing - Essay Example The formulation of a long term marketing plan ensures that the resort remains a popular tourist destination and highly competitive. In 2007, Alton Towers joined Merlin Entertainment Group which is the second largest and the most dynamic tourist attraction (Fyall et al., 2008). Merlin manages tourist attractions, hotels and holiday villages in different parts of the world. The growth strategy involves the continuous investment in all the attractions to improve quality of the customer service and experience. The company also aims to develop the theme parks into short break resort destinations with the inclusion of accommodation options and more quality entertainment along the Alton Tower model. Alton Towers is the ninth most visited theme park in Europe and the most popular park in the UK. The park attracts approximately 2.7 million visitors annually (Alton Towers, 2010). The resort has developed a 10 year plan to remain a favorite tourist destination and to ensure its competitiveness. Upon finalization, the plan should be handed over to the Council to notify them about the review process for the production of a n ew (SPD) Supplementary Planning Document for Alton Towers. Alton Towers should consider its environment before choosing the marketing principles to apply. The internal environment is composed of the staff, office technology and the departments in the organizations. The micro environment is composed of the customers, distributors and suppliers while the macro environments is composed of the Political (Legal) forces, Economic, Socio-cultural and Technological forces which are popularly referred to as PEST (Hooley et al., 2004). These factors play an essential role in the creation of a marketing strategy. The success of an organization goes beyond the PEST analysis since it should consider the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats which are referred to as the SWOT analysis. The resort has positioned itself