Reaction Paper- Rizal Essay

â€Å"Does Rizal deserve to be our national hero?† This article written by Renato Constantino, is all about Rizal that does he really deserves to be a hero or not? The author compared Rizal to others national heroes in different countries, who is most decisively active in the fight for their freedom and leader of that revolution. Like in US, China, Vietnam and other countries mentioned from the article. But the author said Rizal is not our Revolution leader; in fact he repudiated that revolution. He’s just silent and being martyr for our country. Also he is an American-Sponsored Hero, Rizal chose as a model over other contestants- Aguinaldo too militant, Bonifacio too radical, Mabini unregenerate. We must view Rizal as an evolving personality within historical period. Additional, author’s purpose for this article is to remind us that our history is very important to us because it will serve to demonstrate how our presence has been distorted by a faulty knowledge of our past. For me, this article was still a question to the author of â€Å"Does Rizal deserves to be our National Hero?† There are several factors that Rizal deserves it and some are not. Because Rizal had certain qualities, he was able to serve the pressing social needs of the periods, needs that arose out of general and particular historical forces. As the author said, he is a hero in the sense that he was able to see problems generated by historical forces, discern the new social needs created by the historical development of new social relationships, and take an active part in meeting these needs. But he is not a hero in the sense of he could have stopped and altered the course of events. Although Rizal was already a revered figure and became more so after his martyrdom, it cannot be denied that his pre-eminence among heroes was partly the result of American sponsorship. Also, he was the first Filipino limited Filipino, the ilustrado Filipino, who fought for national unity but feared the Revolution and loved his mother country, yes, but in his own ilustrado way. Rizal never advocated independence, nor did he advocate armed resistance to the government. He urged from within by publicity, by public education, and appeal to the public conscience. What  if Rizal is not our National hero? Maybe Bonifacio can be our National hero because he fights for our country and he is too revolutionary. When the goals of the people are finally achieved, Rizal the first Filipino will be canceled by the true Filipino by whom he will be remembered as a great catalyst in the transformation of the decolonized indios. But still, there are so many reason that Rizal deserves to be our National Hero. So, I think the author balanced this view of article. The author explained the opinion of both. Honestly, I am not really interested about this article. There are so many questions in my mind says, â€Å"it happened, he’s our national hero, what are these articles complaining or explaining† â€Å"why do we need to study about this?† But it’s required to us to read this article and make a reaction paper to this, and then I realized that it is important to us (Filipino) to understand our history. We must understand why Rizal is our national hero. It is also a reflection of our intellectual timidity, our reluctance to expose new causes unless we can find authorize, however remote, in Rizal. The exposure of his weaknesses and limitations will also mean our liberation, for he has, to a certain extent become part of the superstructure that supports present consciousness. That is why a critical evaluation of Rizal cannot but lead to a revision of our understanding of history and the role of the individual in history. I conclude that Rizal deserves to be our National Hero. If I would ask the author, what if Rizal is not our National Hero, who it will be? Why?

Evaluate How Effective Sand Play Was Essay

When given the choice of seven activities all three of the children, aged two years old, went straight for the sandpit to draw letters in the sand with thick and long sticks. The children doing the activity love to draw by making shapes and different movements with a variety of implements, for example paint, colouring pencils or chalk, which is similar to writing in the sand in many different ways. This means spelling out the letters in the sand can be used as a way of stimulating interest in writing. Whilst spelling letters in the sand pit the children were developing in many different ways. In terms of personal, social and emotional development the children were all confident to try a new activity, initiated ideas about the sand and made links to the beach and all spoke happily in the small group. Whilst I was instructing the children as to what we would be doing they sat quietly, maintained concentration and attention. They then took off their shoes and socks independently, demonstrating they can manage their own personal hygiene by undressing. One child in particular was very keep to be shown how to draw the letters and showed a real interest to learn. It also enabled me to continue building a good relationship with the children. In terms of physical development it gave the children to use a range of small and large equipment, mainly a variety of sized sticks. The children were handling the sticks and other objects safely and with increased control. In terms of communication, language and speech development the children used language to imagine and recreate experiences, ideas and feelings they had that related to sand. They were not very good at taking it turns in conversation, which made it challenging to have group conversations. By doing this sort of activity enabled the children to extend their vocabulary, exploring the meanings and sounds of new words as a group. In terms of literacy development this activity gave the children the opportunity to use familiar and common words whilst developing their writing skills by drawing out the different letters. With one child I was supporting them whilst writing their own name. By the end of the activity they were all using a pencil and holding it effectively to form recognisable letters. In terms of numeracy, the children were drawing a variety of shapes in the sand which allowed me to use new words with them to further develop their vocabulary. I  also used everyday words to help reinforce their existing vocabulary in a new context. In terms of arts and design development the children got to explore a different texture and produced a variety of shapes where there was space in the sand. They also responded in a variety of ways to what they saw, heard and felt. In terms of understanding of the world the children used their senses to investigate objects and materials by used. The children also constructed letters with an object and adapted their work where necessary. As demonstrated the children were extending their learning and development throughout the activity in all seven developmental areas. They also all demonstrated their enjoyment during the activity by smiling, laughing, talking and happily asking questions. It is important when planning and co-ordinating an activity your expectations are of the right level to encourage the child to achievement. If you do not expect enough, children rarely complain. However, they underperform and lose confidence in their abilities to achieve. They show symptoms of anger, anxiety, and depression. Although differing abilities and learning styles in children cannot be ignored, children may achieve more and fulfil adults’ expectations if more is expected of them. High standards can be effective motivators. Furthermore, by having too higher expectations can also cause problems for children. Highly competitive goals that feel impossible to achieve can cause children to procrastinate, give up, feel stressed, and show the same symptoms of anger, anxiety, and depression. Of course, that does not mean they are unable to achieve those expectations; it only means that they do not believe they can. They feel pressured, which is important to avoid. However, the children involved in the sandpit activities expectations and achievements have been reached without putting pressure on them. All children that were involved worked at their own speed. The children were able to work together and respecting each other’s work. The children also explored the materials and tools and figured out by themselves what they could do with them. I feel it is important not to put the children under pressure so they are achieving what you want them to as it maybe too early for some children’s developmental rate, let them work at their own pace so they will achieve what they are able when they are able. However, as I was planning all seven activities based on the children’s age and had used their learning journals, previous observations and evaluations and previous  planning sheets and evaluations I was sure that all the children would enjoy any one of the activities and be able to do it at their own pace to get the most out of it developmentally.

Theories of Group Formation

Theories of Group Formation Below is an explanation of the different models of group formation processes by Lewin, Tuckman, McGrath, and Gersick including the major features, steps, and characteristics. Tuckman (1965), stated these roles/processes are needed for group formation: Forming: Group members learn about each other, and the task at hand. Indicators of this stage might include: unclear objectives, confusion, and low morale. Storming: As group members continue to work, they will engage each other in arguments about the structure of the group which often are significantly emotional and illustrate a struggle for status in the group. Lack of cohesion marks this phase. Norming: Group members establish implicit or explicit rules about how they will achieve their goal. They address the types of communication that will or will not help with the task. Indicators include: Questioning performance, Reviewing/clarify objective, Changing/confirming roles, Opening risky issues, Assertiveness, Listening, Testing new ground, Identifying strengths and weaknesses. Performing: Groups reach a conclusion and implement the conclusion. Indicators include: Creativity, Initiative, Flexibility, and Open relationships. McGrath (1991), stated these roles/processes are needed for group formation: Mode I: Inception and acceptance of a project (goal choice) Mode II: Technical problem solving – solution of technical issues (means choice) Mode III: Conflict resolution – resolution of political issues conflict (policy choice) Mode IV: Execution – the performance requirements of the project (goal attainment) Unfreezing – this phase involves overcoming inertia and dismantling the existing â€Å"mind set†. Defense mechanisms have to be bypassed. Change – typically a period of confusion and transition. One is aware that the old ways are being challenged but does not have a clear picture to replace them yet. Freezing – the new mindset is crystallizing and one’s comfort level is returning to previous levels. Phase 1 – behavioral patterns and assumptions through which a group approaches its project emerges in its first meeting, and the group stays with the framework through the first half of its life. Teams may show little visible progress during this time because members are unable to perceive a use for the information they are generating until they revise the initial framework. Midpoint – at calendar midpoints, groups experience transitions-paradigmatic shifts in their approaches of their work enabling them to capitalize on the gradual learning they have done and make significant advances. This is an opportunity for the group to alter the course of its life midstream. Phase 2 – this is a second period of inertial movement, and takes its direction from plans crystallized during the transition. At completion, when a team makes a final effort to satisfy outside expectations, it experiences the positive and negative consequences of past choices. I see many roles that leaders need to provide in the group development process. A leader needs understanding of critical theories about how people learn, an understanding of patterns of discrimination and inequalities, and the benefits and liabilities associated with individual groups. Along with the ability to articulate his/her own philosophy of education, and use it to empower others’ active participation in their own transformation. According to Katzenbach and Smith (2005), effective working groups need little time to shape their purpose, since the leader usually establishes it. Despite the fact that many leaders refer to group reporting to them as a team, few groups really are. Leaders, however, should make sure the team succeeds in identifying specific purposes and goals. If the leader of a group wants to improve performance overall, he/she needs to find a way of the group taking shared ownership for the results. It is likely that a shift from individual responsibility to shared responsibility can only be achieved if the pay and reward system has a significant element that is dependent on the overall outcome. The knowledge, skills and attitudes of the leader may also need to shift significantly to be effective in this new environment. For example, a leader may need to share all of the individuals' results with the group. The group has the right to know how others are performing if their pay depends on it. This could be a challenging experience for a leader who has avoided the potential emotional stress that can be caused by this level of openness. Kozlowski and Bell (2003), stated that team training and leadership interventions have the potential to enhance team development, it is a process that generally unfolds naturally without intentional intervention. Thus the potential for improving team development and team effectiveness in many organizations is high. â€Å"However, team training and team leadership are key leverage points for enhancing the developmental process by intervening before or as teams are formed (team training) and as they proceed through the developmental rocess in the work setting (team leadership and coaching). † Kozlowski & Bell (2003). The theory that appeals to me the most is Tuckman’s theory of group formation. I believe I feel this way because it is most familiar to me, and have gone through the formal stages of forming, norming, storming, and performing. I was also a participant in a class called â€Å"How best to form your team†. This class went over these ideals that Tuckman me ntions. Refer ences Gersick, Connie J. G. (1988). Time and Transition in Work Teams: Toward a New Model of Group Development. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 31, No. 1, 9-41. Retrieved from Business Source Premier database Katzenbach, Jon R. & Smith, Douglas K. (2005). The Discipline of Teams. The Harvard Business Review. July-August, 2005. pp. 162-171. Kozlowski, S. (2006). Group development. Encyclopedia of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Retrieved from Sage e-References, Walden Library Kozlowski, S. W. J. , & Bell, B. S. (2003). Work groups and teams in organizations. In W. C. Borman, ed. , D. R. Ilgen, ed. , & R. J. Klimoski, ed. (Eds. ), ed. Handbook of psychology: Industrial and organizational psychology (Vol. 12, pp. 333-375). London: Wiley. Lewin, K. (1999). Experiments in social space. Reflections, 1(1), 7-13. Retrieved from Business Source Premier database McGrath, J. E. (1991). Time, interaction, and performance (TIP): A theory of groups. Small Group Research, 22(2), 147-174. Retrieved from SAGE Management and Organization Studies Full Text Collection Tuckman, B. (1965). Development al sequence in small groups. Psychological Bulletin, 63(6), 384-399. Retrieved from PsycARTICLES database

Call midwife series 1 episode 5 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Call midwife series 1 episode 5 - Coursework Example The fact that nurses are trained on a wide range of issues related to care make them a viable source of help for disenfranchised people. Sins: Were you surprised at the response of the nuns to the relationship of Frank and Peggy? Given the stance of the church on these things, were they wrong to accept and care for Frank and Peggy? Defend your position on this issue. The fact that the nuns accepted the relationship between Peggys and Frank was not surprising at all based on a number of reasons. To begin with, the nuns being called to serve and protect the interest of everyone have a responsibility to offer an acceptance to anyone despite their decisions in life. Secondly, Peggys upbringing and way of life is not that of a nun (PBS, 2013). The nuns must have understood the fact that Peggy is not a mainstream nun and did not expect to work in a convent, but a private hospital (PBS, 2013). It, for this reason, compels the nuns to accept her decisions because though she may subscribe to the beliefs of the church, her orientation is not to be a

The International Soccer Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The International Soccer Performance - Essay Example   There are hundreds of teams playing soccer around the world; some are organized as professionals while others are just amateurs. Professional teams exist in various countries in which they recruit the best players from around the world and pay them salaries while the amateurs play for fun. Nowadays, the best professional teams are in Europe, especially England and Spain that represent the best choices for any professional. This author informs: â€Å"The Spanish domestic football league is often considered to be among the best in the world. Spanish Clubs such as Real Madrid and FC Barcelona feature prominently in international club competitions†(Hoffmann, Ging & Ramasamy). Indeed, Real Madrid and Barcelona are among the best clubs in the world with their star players like Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi who display their talents on Kandy 2 stadiums every week. However, the English Premier league also has very talented teams even though they are being challenged by other European countries: â€Å"After years of unquestioned supremacy as the top-to-bottom best soccer league in the world, the English Premier League has been chased down by the rest of Europe† (Manfred). ... Each country around the world dreams of organizing the world cup or at least to participate in the tournament. Organized every four years in a chosen country, all football fans and professionals around the universe converge to that place to enjoy the best moments of football. The following statement reveals: â€Å"The FIFA World Cup is one of the largest events in the world. The competition between the best national teams in the world mobi ­lizes billions of people from all continents, cultures, ethnicities, and creeds. It rouses passions and, at the same time, lessens differences† (Brazem). This passion and attraction make the event the most important event in the world of football. Moreover, other significant trophies and tournaments exist all around the world and in each continent. For instance, the champions’ league in Europe, the confederation cup in South America, the African cup of nations and other competitions in other parts of the world are all significant t ournaments that display great trophies. This article exposes: â€Å"Real have won more European cups than any other club (8 wins). Barcelona is the current record holders for the European Cup-Winners’ Cup (4 wins)† Kandy 3 (Hoffman, Ging & Ramasamy). These records demonstrate the talent of Spanish teams and their hold on most trophies and tournaments. C. The most famous Stadiums and their Capacity Beautiful and legendary stadiums exist all around the world and in all sizes. The best teams in the universe play in magnificent infrastructures that reflect their talent and standards. With a capacity of 75,811 people, Manchester United’s mythic stadium, Old Trafford, represents one of the world’s most famous but also biggest stadiums in the universe: â€Å"It might be the most famous football ground in the world, which sometimes might work against United as teams always bring  their top game to play there† (Rizzy).     

Basque History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Basque History - Essay Example While the ETA did declare a unilateral cease-fire on March 22, 2006, on September 23, 2006, the organization announced that it would resume hostilities until the achievement of Basque independence (ETA). To understand the sentiments at work in all three of these documents - particularly the harsh dichotomies of the Arana piece - it is good to have an understanding of the dynamics at work within the ETA. To people outside of the Basque region, and, in particular, outside of Spain, the mission of the ETA sounds just like one of many small revolutionary groups, agitating for its own few square miles of self-determination, if only to avoid the larger taxing entities in the country around it (Funes, p. 499). Each of these little splinter groups has its own manifesto that spouts idealistic words and phrases, its own shrill anthem that sounds to the modern person listening from abroad much like, quite frankly, the declarations that leapt from the American colonies to the government of Great Britain in the later days of the eighteenth century. The modern chapter of the Basque story begins during the reign of Francisco Franco, and his attempts to drive the Basque nation off the very face of the planet. Because there had been Basque sympathizers with the Republican side in the Spanish Civil War, Franco decided to eliminate any signs of Basque culture from the public consciousness. The Basque flag could not be displayed; Basque holidays could not be publicly celebrated; teaching the Basque language, or even speaking it in public, were forbidden; baptizing children who did not have Spanish surnames was proscribed (Sullivan, p. 88). This crackdown against non-Spanish cultures was not carried out throughout the country, however. While Guipuscoa and Biscay were also singled out for this attempted annihilation of local culture, because of their ostensible sympathies with the Republican cause, other territories were left alone. Because the regions of Alava and Navarre had been allied with Franco's faction during the Spanish Civil War, those regions were permitted to keep a reasonable degree of self-government (Clark 1984, pp. 82-84). The results of this cultural attempt at extermination may have been predictable. Once the civil war ended, many Basques left the rural parts of Castile, Galicia, Extremadura, and Andalusia, which diluted the identity of those regions, in which only a percentage of the initial Basque population remained (Hamilton, p. 138). The rest of the world, however, took notice of this repressive activity. Beginning with the excesses of the Franco era and ending with the transition in Spanish government to a democracy in 1975, the ETA received gestures of sympathy from around the globe. The peak of this support came in 1970, after the controversial "Burgos Trials," in which the Franco government showed its cruel and oppressive side to an international audience (Clark 1984, p. 128). The tide of international opinion, however, began to turn against the ETA as the 1970's progressed. In 1973, the ETA assassinated Franco's successor, Almirante Luis Carrero Blanco, and became increasingly radical after Spain became a democracy. The kidnapping and assassination of Miguel Angel

The Importance of Culture for Managing and Controlling the workforce Literature review

The Importance of Culture for Managing and Controlling the workforce - Literature review Example Undeniable changes are taking place in the workforce mainly due to globalisation and changing composition of national populations of individual countries. National population composition is changing as a result of increased immigration and cumulative effects of high birth rates among minority groups. Apparently, this is reflected in the workforce (Inceoglu, 2002, p. 37). Globalisation has made both small and large companies face competition resulting from overseas companies at home while at the same time confronting the need to be competitive in the foreign markets. In order to prevail from the competition, organisations require adopting new ways of carrying out business, with sensitivity towards the needs of diverse cultural practices. Businesses have to struggle for the best gifts they can find, as well as look for ways to obtain the best from workers they currently have. Most of these employees will be situated at different nations as many firms move to a worldwide way of conducti ng business. As a result, culture becomes important in managing and controlling the workforce. People from different cultures bring forth diversity, which refers to the ways in which people differ, not just the more common aspects like ethnicity and gender (Idea group publishing, 2005, p 580). Literature review Organisations exist on the productivity and output of employee interaction with clients and customers. A company with productive workers is able to offer better customer service that result in more income. Employees’ productivity and customer relations and interactions are influenced by how workers feel about their work. Such emotions are heavily dependent on the culture in the workplace. Sandra Collins (2009, p 30) defines culture as the system of shared values, beliefs, norms, language and social institutions, which steer the daily lives of a group of people. Culture may be collectivist or individualist, reflecting on the extent to which people value their associatio n with the group against their independence as individual. Collectivist cultures value the group above an individual whilst an individualist culture places personal independence above the group. Western Europe, United States and Canada countries have an individualist culture while South American and Asian countries embrace a collectivist culture. Both collectivist and individualist have different approaches towards conflict. Collectivists tend to avoid conflict and prefer harmony, whilst individualists do not enjoy conflict, though they are less likely to stay away from it. Culture builds an atmosphere in which human resources work and establish their value and worth in the company, their opportunities within the organisation as well as their opinion of their management team. The culture could also be measured in terms of conflict resolution policies, language, dress code and industry. Communications also varies with culture, with some opting for direct communication while others em brace indirect style. Cultures that adopt indirect communication usually have relational exchanges before involvement into the business. Such cultures tend to be context-dependent since an immense deal of the message’s meaning lie in the context of the communication. Cultures also differ in terms of time interpretation, with some placing value on multitasking, and others opting for doing one thing at a time. The management is able to build models

Case Study 3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

3 - Case Study Example This paper will focus on two major technologies i.e. cloud computing and virtualization that can be adopted by BP to support its current strategy in its quest of transforming its business operations and ensuring it is no longer a serial underperformer. Virtualization refers to a way of creating virtual version of devices or network resources e.g. storage devices, servers, network or operating system. (Lans, 2012). In this case, the framework divides the resource being virtualized into one or more execution environments. In this case of BP, virtualization can be applied by combining its resources i.e. serves so as to serve as one. This is advantageous in a way that having a central server will lead to increased processing power hence faster data processing. Having one central server means BP will incur less costs in buying less hardware and also reduced energy costs since less hardware means less power consumption. (Roebuck, 2011) Fewer personnel will also be required to manage and maintain the equipment hence Dana Deasy’s dream of centralizing and cutting down costs of BP will come true with the adoption of virtualization. With virtualization, BP can create a strategic business environment in terms of resource use and operation with business partners and suppliers. This can be done through the firms intranets and also via external networks i.e. extranets and the internet. This will present BP with a collaboration opportunity of sharing information, resources and ideas with other people and the company hence helping the company respond in timely manner toward situations. (Rainer & Cegielski, 2012). Cloud computing refers to sharing of computing resources over the internet instead of using local servers to support applications. (Marks & Lozano, 2010) For the case of BP, the company through the advice of the CIO can choose to software-as-a-service where they will subscribe to an application but access over the internet. BP can also use

The media are a very powerful source of socialization today Essay

The media are a very powerful source of socialization today - Essay Example While people may have initially been livid with the way the case was handled, and the severity of the spill on human and plant health, the way that the newspaper presents the news about the settlement may change the discernment and actions of people towards BP. The newspaper presents information on the number of claimants who deserve compensation, a factor that BP had not integrated into its compensation plans. Through the major forms of media, television, and newspapers, people are able to get information on recent events such as the BP oil spill and socialize. Without such information, it may be indeed hard for people to fulfil socialization because of insufficient or impassable information. Through the socialization aspect, it is possible to provide an opinionated thought on an event. However, religious and educational institutions remain to be the main source of long-lived socialization aspects, unlike the media that may present sporadic and short-lived presentations that may fluctuate in the future or be prejudiced by external powers guided by egocentric

Government and Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Government and Politics - Essay Example But to foreigners it can also be one of the most bizarre. The election race in some countries including United Kingdom takes just a few weeks, but US presidential runners undertake a political epic, negotiating 'primaries', 'party conventions' and an 'Electoral College' system down the way (Bennett 2005, pg 270). In the UK, the party chooses a candidate, but in the US, however, supporters who declare vote for one party or another get to pick from the list of candidates (Bennett 2005, pg. 270). The candidates, campaigning in opposition to other candidates of the same party, must win enough 'state primaries' to give them the most delegates at the party convention in the summer (pg. 271). Some states, such as Iowa, use a 'caucus system' rather than primaries to select. Whereas in primaries people only indicate at the vote box which candidate they support, caucuses (the word derives from an Indian word for a gathering) are more intricate and work by selecting delegates through several stages. That intricacy was borne out of the American's supposed"forerunners'" panic of autocracy and the longing to defend the authority of individual States. There are, in general, two sorts of primaries - open and closed. ... 272). As The 'political convention' is exceptionally an American belief, one that is cracked down on the political parties that have organized Americans' preferences in ruling for almost 175 years. The interesting thing is that political conventions are not stated in its Constitution. Certainly, the forerunners of America viewed political parties with suspect or outright opposition. Yet now, they can barely imagine a government without political parties, and the parties' conventions are huge, broadcasted media events (Bennett 2005, pg. 273). Each State reaches the hall with its own delegates and placards declaring which presidential applicant it supports. Regardless of the 'lack of enthusiasm' from the founding fathers of the U.S. to accept political parties, two had rebounded in some decades of the country's beginning. These first parties were defined with a loose knot, and it's tricky to find exactly when they started. By the late nineties, however, these parties were becoming more planned and playing a larger role in American political affairs. Nowadays, presidential primaries have made the conventions pointless for practical reasons. They exist mainly as a 'selling tool' and a political 'pep rally', where each party pretends a well-choreographed show. The rival candidates square up for the presidential movement proper. Policies are polished, often to consider the supporters of the applicants who have been purged. This phase of the campaign is shorter than the plod through the State primaries. There are heavy expenses spent on TV hypes on a national scale, and there are routinely debates on TV between the applicants for Presidential elections. In the closing weeks, the candidates in general

Personal statement for applying graduate school in MS in Information

For applying graduate school in MS in Information system - Personal Statement Example They have raised their kids with strong perseverance. Like them, I am also very hard working, and intend to train myself in various skills, like leadership, communication, management, and organization. I have always been a very good student getting positions and certificates. My teachers and professors always considered me a student worthy of reward. I feel that I have enough knowledge and passion to show that I have a craze about going ahead in the information systems, and contribute to the tech market. To maintain my interest, I keep myself updated with market requirements. I have always thought about bringing my knowledge into use that I gained during my college. I keep on reading related journals, books and magazines, and attend related seminars held in my vicinity. I feel that I possess those special skills needed to fulfill the requirements for this course. I have always come up fresh, innovative and unique ideas. I have learnt basic computer knowledge so as to equip myself wit h the latest technology that may help me in excelling in this course. For example, I am proficient in Microsoft Access, Excel, PowerPoint, HTML, CSS, Python and JES. This enthusiasm is what pulls me to take do MSIS. I would also like to discuss my educational background, experience and personal interests. I completed Bachelor of Science in Business from the Indiana University, Kelley School of Business, Bloomington, IN, in December 2013, with GPA 2.92/4.00. I took Finance as my major, and have remained a member of national society of collegiate scholars. I have also worked in the Food Service Department in Gresham Food Count-Bloomington, IN, in 2012. That was an overwhelming experience for me as I learnt how to be practical in life. I have also served as a tutor in Ouhai middle school, Wenzhou, Zhejiang in 2009. I have also a passion for sports. I have remained a great basketball player in Ouhai middle school basketball match from September 2009 to

The novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding Essay Example for Free

The novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding Essay The novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a political satire on society. The butt of the satire is civilization at the time of the second world war. During this era, a civilized society goes to war and obliterates, maims, and kills. In this novel, Golding depicts destruction, killing, and fear as evil in the heart of man, and uses irony to elaborate on this theme. The novel begins with a plane crashing on an uninhabited island. We are not told the reason for this, but we can assume the crash was a result of events associated with World War II. The survivors of the crash are a group of boys who we know little about prior to the crash. The group of boys then attempt to create a functional society by using a system of rules and a chief. The story then revolves around the breakdown of the boys society. Piggy and Ralph meet up with each other after escaping from their shot-down plane. A large scar was made by the crashing plane in the untouched jungle, symbolizing the first of mans destruction on the island. A war is going on in the outside world, and now for the rest of the book, everyone on the island will be isolated from the real world and put into their own world. Throughout the book we are told of the scar, and it is clear to understand that the scar symbolises mans destruction and destructive forces The island is ultimately a natural environment untamed by man that holds the resources for the boys survival parallel to other life on the island. Golding tries to convey the island like a cage confining the boys and isolating them from the rest of the world. We are told in the story that no boy could reach even the reef over the stretch of water. This shows us that the reef is like a boundary that cannot be crossed by any inhabitant on the island. A major factor stopping the boys getting even close to the reef is between the beach and the reef: the snapped sharks waited. This information helps us comprehend there is no way out. Another device Golding uses to emphasise the boys isolation is metaphors the miraculous throbbing stars. The stars help us understand the boys isolation as they are surrounded by mystery and speculation but their reality can never be found because they are so far away and out of reach. We are told the boys response to this situation is that they were gradually made accustomed to these mysteries and ignored them. Even though the mysteries are ignored, this does not mean that they do not exist or does it? : Sometimes land loomed where there was no land. This shows us that however tangible some of the mirages may seem, they are not necessarily real. The island is not an obvious character or type of life but it demonstrates human qualities and characteristics through its description. The way Golding brings the island to life is mainly through personification and metaphors: The great rock loitered. The wind roared. A thunderous plume leapt half way up the mount. Sending at last an arm of surf up. This language help us visualize the island as a character more powerful than any life on the island, but it has different capabilities and communicates as a force opposed to a physical presence. Near the beginning of Lord of the Flies we can see the island as a paradise: The water was warmer than blood and the temperature even though a little hot is generally comfortable. Which shows us how generally the boys were happy on the island. This gives us an optimistic view towards the book: the air was bright. Later on the mood changes to a darker more cynical mood, which warns us of trouble to come. The sun transforms from a warm presence to an angry eye. This device Golding uses warns us in chapter nine that tension is rising between Jack and Ralph: Revolving masses of gas piled up the static until the air was ready to explode. Throughout Lord of the Flies Golding uses surrounding conditions to reflect the mood on the island. This device helps the island become integrated into the story as a character. The boys in the difficult situation they are presented with have different reactions to their surroundings. Their first experiences with the island prove to show a foreign unfriendly environment: All round him the long scar smashed into the jungle was a bath of heat. The metaphor bath of heat shows the area around the boys is humid and the destruction may be a message about how humans are in the centre of our planets destruction. This situation because it is so extreme brings out the boys characters immediately and shows their ability to cope with the situation. Ralphs first reactions are casual as he pays little attention to his surroundings, which may indicate he may not understand what is happening at this stage. He could also feel the island poses little threat to him and is in a safe environment. Piggy, however, seems to understand how serious his situation is and feels unsafe on the island we can see this from his attempts to start a conversation with Ralph and he makes suggestions to deal with the situation. I suppose well want to know all their names. At the end of Lord of the Flies the island is burning down and Ralph is being hunted down. The fact that the island is burning down could be suggesting the only thing we are going to achieve is the destruction of the planet if we keep on fighting and developing weapons of greater power. The boys near the end of the book describe the surrounding events as a game. This could be telling us that wars and destruction in modern society are just considered a game but really they are destroying our lives and people are dying. So when the boys were taken off the island the question arises were they really rescued, or just moved to the real world to aid the destruction of our planet. The irony of the final chapter can be viewed either way about if the boys were really rescued.

Media Influence and Ingrained Prejudice

Media Influence and Ingrained Prejudice Jeremy A. Dietz The origins of prejudice vary greatly from one culture to another. Some cultures appear to have prejudice ingrained into them over long periods of time, while other forms of prejudice occur much more rapidly. Regardless of the length of time that a prejudice has existed, the media can contribute to perpetuating and strengthening an ingrained prejudice through its multiple outlets. While the origins of prejudice differ, medium such as television, the internet, newspapers, and magazines can have a very strong influence on an already existing prejudice or even help to solidify a newly developed prejudice belief. Origins of Prejudice There are many proposed theories on the origins of various prejudice beliefs and behaviors. One theory is that prejudice actually has a genetic and evolutionary basis. Another possible origin of prejudice is based on societal interactions and laws created by those in authority (Baron Branscombe, 2012). Yet another theory is that prejudice goes hand in hand with racism and is accelerated by certain events or acts which may be deemed as a threat are performed by people sharing a particular ethnicity, religion, physical characteristics, or otherwise common characteristic (Baron Branscombe, 2012). Prejudice when described as having an evolutionary and genetic background is often explained by the process of natural selection. This theory suggests that the brain patterns of early humans were actually wired to establish a type of prejudice against those of differing physical characteristics (Utsey, Ponterotto, Porter, 2008). During the early days of human development, limited resources often caused much competition between various clans or tribes. The tendency of humans then was to give members of their own clan a priority for survival and viewed others as possible threats. One such idea is the resource retention rule theory, which suggests that prejudice views were formed especially during periods of scarce resources (Utsey, Ponterotto, Porter, 2008). During these periods, groups of humans would try to stockpile resources for their own family or tribe which most often tended to be other people with like physical characteristics. Outsiders were avoided or viewed as less worthy of the various resources (Utsey, Ponterotto, Porter, 2008). Another similar type of theory based on genetic evolution is called the theory of inclusive fitness (Fishbein, 2003). This theory states that people who are in the same family group will show preferential treatment toward their family and sometimes show hostility towards people from other groups (Fishbein, 2003). When viewing how prejudice is passed down from one generation to the next, some theories suggest that those in authority are primarily responsible for perpetuating a particular prejudice belief (Fishbein, 2003). This is accomplished by a younger generation being taught by their elders certain prejudice beliefs about those of other groups. The younger generation is expected to accept these views as complete truth and in turn pass it on to their children. It has been suggested that this method is the main source of perpetuating prejudice beliefs throughout human evolution (Fishbein, 2003). These beliefs many times are also perpetuated in modern media. Effects of the Media on Prejudice Today In modern society the media has many outlets available to communicate and influence the thoughts and perceptions of a wide range of people regardless of culture and age. Primary forms of media include radio, printed material such as magazines and newspapers, television, and now the internet with its multi-facets of communication reach nearly every corner of the earth. For example, talk radio programs have been around for many decades and are broadcast in almost every country around the globe. These outlets can have a powerful effect on prejudice thoughts of their viewers. One example of prejudice in the media occurred during Hurricane Katrina and the aftermath of flooding that occurred in New Orleans, Louisiana. During this terrible natural disaster, African-American citizens of New Orleans were often depicted in a negative light by the mainstream media. Many such citizens were reported as being involved in activities such as plundering and anarchy, however most of these claims were showed to be untrue afterwards (Sonnett, Johnson, Dolan, 2015). During the flooding two photographs also appeared in the mainstream media which were widely distributed and showed further prejudice by their captions. One photo was of a younger caucasian couple out finding bread and soda while wading through chest-deep water, while a very similar photo of a youthful black man also in chest-deep floodwater carrying food was labeled as looting (Sonnett, Johnson, Dolan, 2015). In some modern films there seems to be a movement of sorts to portray prejudice as a behavior that everyone exhibits, regardless of race or background. According to Nishi, Matias, and Montoya (2015), the 2004 film Crash is an example of such a perspective (Haggis Cheadle, Crash). The film has several scenes depicting prejudice behavior. One scene shows a black woman being assaulted by a police officer who is white. However in another scene shortly following, an African-American man is himself exhibiting prejudice behavior against his partner. Research by Nishi et al. (2015) suggests that this is a type of colorblindness which in reality is not accurate either historically or in modern times. It has been proposed that this perspective is actually meant to excuse the prejudice behavior shown by white people, as people of minority backgrounds are also showing similar ingrained prejudice behavior (Nishi et al. 2015). Another avenue of the media that has the power to project prejudice behavior is that of advertising, especially in television. Commercials on television have great influence on prejudice, not only by what products are being advertised, but more importantly on who the advertisements depict. According to the research performed by Howell (2012), African Americans are often portrayed in commercials, but there is a clear trend towards depicting lighter skinned African American females in television advertisements. In fact, in commercials which feature an African American couple, there is an approximate five to one ratio where the male is darker skinned than the female (Howell, 2012). This obvious trend would appear to suggest a prejudice in the media against dark skinned females. Conclusion It is clear to see that while the origins of prejudice can be varied, the media has the ability to influence nearly any type of prejudice that may exist. Through its many facets, the media reaches nearly every culture on earth in some form or another. Regardless of whether a prejudice is based on what might be a genetic or evolutionary trait, societal disposition, or racial bias, the media has the power to help perpetuate or tear down these ingrained prejudice behaviors. Sadly, there are many examples of the media contributing to these deplorable behaviors, but hopefully time will prove that the influence of the media will be used to help dissolve ingrained prejudice. References Baron, Robert A. Branscombe, Nyla R. (2012), The Causes, Effects, and Cures of Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination. Social Psychology. (13th edition, pp. 176-213). Boston, MA: Pearson. Fishbein, H. D. (2003). The Genetic/Evolutionary Basis of Prejudice and Hatred. Journal Of Hate Studies, 3(1), 113-119. Haggis, P. (Director), Cheadle, D. (Producer). (2004). Crash [Motion picture]. USA: Lions Gate Films. Howell, L. D. (2012). TV Ads in Black And Light. USA Today Magazine, 141(2810), 58-60. Nishi, N. W., Matias, C. E., Montoya, R. (2015). Exposing the white avatar: projections, justifications, and the ever-evolving American racism. Social Identities, 21(5), 459-473. doi:10.1080/13504630.2015.1093470 Sonnett, J., Johnson, K. A., Dolan, M. K. (2015). Priming Implicit Racism in Television News: Visual and Verbal Limitations on Diversity. Sociological Forum, 30(2), 328-347. doi:10.1111/socf.12165 Utsey, S. O., Ponterotto, J. G., Porter, J. S. (2008). Prejudice and Racism, Year 2008-Still Going Strong: Research on Reducing Prejudice With Recommended Methodological Advances. Journal of Counseling Development, 86(3), 339-347. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2008.tb00518.x

Guilloche Pattern Algorithms

Guilloche Pattern Algorithms Documents are protected from forgeries now a days by complex patterns such as guilloches which are efficiently used in currency, identity cards, auto registration certificate, fiscal marks, policy forms and licenses, travel documents, tickets etc. Guilloches are intricate patterns have high efficiency. These are difficult combination of thin and continue lines which have a difficult structure and clear spacing of 1-2mm. These additionally are called periodic parts, and usually present document pictures, for example, multi dimensional images, watermarks that rehash themselves in different courses in order to add the flavor of complexity in it. Although these patterns were utilized as a part of old circumstances as decorative elements; architectural designs; on gold and silver coins; on watches; with the evolution of technology these motives are used in the modern times on currency, holograms, official, documents etc. This dissertation describes the algorithms for outlining guilloche pattern. Guilloche elements are created step by step. Firstly, the algorithms are intended for basic structures. Bases designed are a line, a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, an ellipses arc, circumscribed polygon in circle and ellipse, stars concave and convex, floral pattern. Also the complex patterns are generated from the combination of basic bases. The structures are designed using concepts of co-ordinate geometry and calculation of pixels in MATLAB. These basic structures are formed by creating various functions. Function creations are designed with some functionality. The rotation (rotation of single element from 0Â ° to 360Â °), the phase difference (sets the phase shifting of function), the interval (sets the measure of the periodic repetitions) and many more functionality is depicted in chapters. Functions are the objects defined by a user and implemented for the depiction of bends and surfaces. These patterns can be set with the concept of pixels that amalgamate. Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Guilloche Pattern Guilloche is a decorative, architectural element and an engraving technique which is very intricate, yet precise, recursive pattern or design. Guilloche is synonymous with the term Engine Turning or Rose Engine. The technique of engine turning, alluded to as architectural ornament in French when the French engineer Guillot, United Nations agency fancied a machine that might scratch fine patterns and styles on auriferous. Machine improved upon the longer overwhelming apply of creating similar styles by hand. It is engraved on jewelry and watches, erected on stones or wood for architecture. These are vintage plan components that were much of the time utilized for against duplicating security essentially on banknotes, travel permits, checks and authentications amid the previous two hundred years. These are additionally called symmetrical examples, archives insurance from frauds has dependably been one of the real assignments in any general public at all circumstances. Due to its high potency guilloches, currently a days architectural ornament style is in our daily life, as an example bills, checks, ID cards, passports, driver licenses, automobiles registration certificates, business enterprise marks, policy forms and licenses, travel documents, tickets, and several other documents together with tutorial diplomas or certificates. Any reasonable document needs some complicated graphics to keep the persons identity secretive. Guilloche pattern are periodic patterns usually casted on documents pictures as holograms, watermarks or architectural ornament components that are largely used to secure from fraud and falsification. The guilloche images are difficult blend of narrow and continuous lines that have a troublesome structure and typical spacing of 1-2 millimeter unit or any appropriate activity. Fundamental structure can be of these sorts for outlining: a line, an ellipse, a polygon, a rectangle, a poly-line, an ellipses arc, an oval, a spline, a spiral, an evolvent, a lissage. These are utilized to outline different sorts of complex guilloche design. Guilloche provides the extremely high level of security. Its composition cannot be precisely reproduced on a digital manigraph so far. The terribly tiny thickness of lines and the constant modification of curvature of each line produce insuperable obstacles to a block with associate meager for these days discrimination capability. 1.2 Historical Background The earthenware rooftop tiles tiles are appeared in the second quarter of the seventh century BC on the Temple of Apollo at Corinth in Greece. Firstly the innovation spread to Italy, in third and fourth quarters of that century where tiles are found at Poggio Civitate (Murlo) and Acquarossa in Etruria. At Poggio Civitate, tiled roofs occur on a workshop alluded to as the Southeast Building. At Acquarossa, these patterns were designed on roofs and lower parts of buildings. Also the most earliest tiled rooftops residential designs are altogether in view of these patterns. The same fundamental tile forms as occur on the first Corinthian roof alluded to as flat pan tiles and convex cowl tiles square measure used, with adjustments in scale and style (littler size, isolate container and cover components). At Acquarossa, a similar sort of cavetto sima with shaded tongue example is found among the most punctual compositional earthenware pieces from Sicily, at Syracuse furthermore, a revetment plaque with the same double guilloche design is found in the early 6th century BC, on the Temple of Artemis in Corfu, and in Sicily. Attempts to explain these shared features (e.g., exchange Greek items where the guilloche is repeated on bronzes and painted pottery) have failed to explain their identical placement in the roofing systems. The perirrhanterion is subsidized by sculpted figures stand for potnia theron, the same spiritual being recognized by Nielsen within the picture of the early Poggio Civitate workshop roof wherever feminine heads area unit flanked by feline heads. Temple in Corfu for tongue and guilloche patterns rather than just paint, can be attributed to employment of local workers and the following of local traditions and preferences. The artisans going with Demaratus would apparently have prepared neighborhood specialists in specialized matters of generation and sent them out to set up nearby workshops. In ancient times the dining room was decorated by some symmetric patterns of Roman Villas and these patterns were inherited from Greek. It is used in the Chedworth Roman Villa in the United Kingdom. Since 1903, the main large and intricate swastika meander (decorative boarder) pattern of this dining room has received much attention and is more complex. The creators developed a simple geometric algorithm in its generation. In the past 100 years such patterns have been analyzed and compared predominantly by means of the symmetry properties they possess are getter options. According to Radovic and Jablan the theory of symmetry, virtually taken from mathematical natural philosophy, is perhaps not the only suggests that, and may not be the only clarification for the event of ancient anti-symmetric design. Even algorithmic, machine, and standard approaches. The 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica defines the term Guilloche as an architectural element, a French word for an ornament, either painted or carved, which was one in all the principal ornamental bands used by the Greeks in their temples or on their vases. The definition Guilloches are single, double or triple; they in-corporates a collection of circles equal one from the opposite and enclosed in an exceedingly band that winds spherical them and interlaces.

Learning a New Language Essay -- Language Communication Cultural Essay

Learning a New Language Language is a matter that touches many American cultures. Cultures thrive on their languages and customs to define the people they are. However, second languages can divide not only people of a specific group but also members of a particular family. Several writers address the unvarying difficulty of learning a second language in America. Many rhetorical devices are used to sustain their assertions and to shape the reader. An Asian-American author speaks about multilingualism in American today. Tan (2002) uses rhetorical devices to support her claims about her frustrations with a mother who does not speak English very well. Throughout this paper, I will analyze Tan’s cause-and-effect structure, personal experiences, and pathos appeal. This essay will show how Tan supports her claim through these rhetorical elements. Tan (2002) shows cause-and-effect structure throughout the text. During her copy, Tan uses this rhetorical element to show her readers how hard it was for her to grow up knowing two languages in America. The following selection from Tan (2002) shows how cause-and-effect is used in her example: â€Å"I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s 1) â€Å"limited† English limited 2) my perception of her. I was 3) ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is, because she expressed them 4) imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect.† (37) â€Å"I think my mother’s English almost had an effect on 5) limiting my possibilities in life as well. Sociologists and linguists probably will tell you that a person’s developing language skills are more influenced by peers. But I do think that the language spoken in the fa... ...that she is happy in the end and therefore appeals to the reader’s emotions. Tan (2002) structures her claims about her bilingual life around cause-and-effects, personal experiences, and pathos appeals. She uses cause-and-effect to show how events in her past have led up to the person she is today. She uses personal experiences to explain where she is coming form when she shows her frustration about her family. Tan uses a pathos appeal to identify with her reader so they understand through their emotions how she really feels about her mother. Through her explanations and identifications, Tan shows how growing up in a multilingual family can change someone in to a more accommodating person. References Tan, Amy. â€Å"Mother Tongue.† Constructing Others, Constructing Ourselves; a reader. Sibylle Gruber. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt, 2002. 35-39

Three Women Writers: A Study in Virtue and Christianity of the 18th and

Three Women Writers: A Study in Virtue and Christianity of the 18th and 19th centuries The popularity of Toni Morrison's Beloved has recently awakened a mainstream interest in African-American literature. Writers, such as Maya Angelou and Langston Hughes, have also facilitated the infiltration of African American voices into popular culture. This website is devoted to three women who, like Morrison and Angelou, have aided in the formation and development of the African American literary tradition, but often remain unremembered in today's society. Phillis Wheatley, Harriet Jacobs, and Harriet Wilson have all made valuable contributions in the forms of poetry, narrative, and fiction to the early stages of a growing literary tradition. Although these women portrayed different viewpoints, utilized different writing styles, and wrote within different contexts many comparisons can be made amongst their work. Specifically this site focuses on the common themes of virtue and Christianity represented in the authors' work and in their lives. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Phillis Wheatley Wheatley was born in Africa in the early 1750's and was brought to Boston in 1761 as a slave. The Wheatley family, who was a prominent family in the Boston community, purchased her. The Wheatley's encouraged and taught her, and within sixteen months Phillis was reading and writing fluent English. At the age of fourteen she was writing poetry and hailed as a prodigy of her race. In 1773, Wheatley's first and only published volume, entitled Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral was released. After the death of Mr. and Mrs. Wheatley, Phillis was left to support herself as a poet and sea... ...n she is free. But, in Our Nig, Frado is treated like a slave and feels confined by the Bellmonts, yet she is a free person. In this way, Wilson seems to complicate and combine these binaries. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bibliography Bennett, Jr. Lerone. Before the Mayflower: A history of Black America. New York: Penguin, 1988. Jacobs, Harriet. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. New York: Penguin, 1987. Shields, John, ed. The Collected works of Phillis Wheatley. New York: Oxford, 1988. Wilson, Harriet E. Our Nig; or, Sketches from the Life of a Free Black. New York: Vintage, 1983. Voices from the Gaps: Harriet E. Adams Wilson http://www.~engl.cla.umn.edu/Lkd/vfg/Authors/HarrietE.AdamsWilson Voices from the Gaps: Phillis Wheatley http://www.~engl.cla.umn.edu/Lkd/vgf/Authors/PhillisWheatley

Important similarities and differences between Judaism and Christianity

Judaism and Christianity are both monotheistic religions with a common root in that they share in descent from the patriarch Abraham. Christianity after all was founded by Jews, and even when it first had Gentile converts for a while they followed Jewish practices, such as keeping the food laws, until Peter’s vision a t the home of Cornelius ( Acts 10) They are linked by the search for the Saviour or Messiah foretold in the scriptures that both share e. g, Isaiah 35 – and known by Christians in the New Testament. Goldberg and Rayner begin their book ‘The Jewish People’ :-The history of the Jewish people begins with Abraham, the history of the Jewish religion begins with Moses. Jews take their name from the fourth son of Jacob by his wife Leah. They would have in times past called themselves Israelites. The name Jew comes from the Romans who referred to Idumea, an area south of Israel. The fundamental difference is that Christians believe that Messiah came i n Jesus of Nazareth some 2000 or so years ago, while Jews, unless they claim to be Messianic Jews, a growing group, are still waiting. Another massive difference is that one is born a Jew.As long as your mother was Jewish you are Jewish, whether or not you are in any way religious, whether or not you keep the laws of Judaism and even whether or not you believe in God. Descent is through women, because then, if a foreigner impregnated a Jewish woman, whether by consent or by rape, the child would still be part of the people of God. This applies even when the women of a family have married non Jews for several generations and worship as members of another faith. It is the religion of a race and it is very difficult for anyone to become a Jew in any other way than to be born to it.Christianity on the other hand is a religion open to anyone, but though one can be born into a Christian family and dedicated or christened soon after birth, as a young person or adult each person must decide for themselves to follow Jesus as Saviour. Christians believe in one God, but refer to God as Trinity, three in one, Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Jews prefer to think of God as one. Yet in the Old Testament there are references to God as Father ( Psalm 68 v 5 ‘A Father of the fatherless†¦. is God) and as Spirit, ( Numbers 11 v 17) and also to his sending of a Saviour.( Isaiah 42)Like Christianity Judaism has over the years divided into various groupings, orthodox, liberal and so on, but just as all Christians of whatever denomination relate back to Jesus Christ, so all Jews relate back to the patriarchs. By the time of Christ though Judaism had become a very different religion as far as its every day practice – so much so the writer Ninian Smart in ‘The World’s Religions’ differentiates them into the religion of the Israelites and Judaism. ( pages 202-203). This was a gradual evolution rather than a sudden change.When the Israelites were only a few in number they worshipped together. When they made their Exodus and spent 40 years in the wilderness they worshipped together in the tabernacle Change began at the time of the Exile, when the majority of Jews were separated from temple worship, and synagogues developed. After C. E. 70 when the Romans destroyed the Jerusalem temple and Jews fled from Israel to become part of the Diaspora, non sacrificial synagogue worship became the only type available. The period of temple worship is still looked back to as when at Passover each family makes the pledge ‘Next Year in Jerusalem’.These forced changes also meant that home worship as a family became more important. Judaism is essentially the religion of the group. Judaism has its scholars and mystics, but never took up the solitary or single sex contemplative life, such as that of Julian of Norwich or groups such as the Franciscans, that began in Christianity in the second century with the desert fathers and continues t o some extent to the present day. The position of women in both religions has been problematic and is divided upon denominational lines.In the Chambers Dictionary of Religions and Beliefs, page 271, Rosemary Goring tells us about this in some detail. She explains how Reformed Judaism has tried to redress its traditional exclusion of women from worship as in the introduction of a coming of age ceremony for girls as well as for boys. The first woman became a rabbi in the Reformed tradition in the1970s. Even Conservative Judaism took the same step in 1985, but in Orthodox synagogues women are still separated from men in worship and they are only obliged to keep the negative laws i. e.thou shalt not commit adultery, and not the positive ones at certain times. The claim is that this is a matter of difference rather than a matter of inferiority.The same claim would be made by certain Christians. There have always been women in leadership roles within the church, but, despite verses such a s Galatians 3:28, â€Å"There is no difference between Jews and Gentiles, between slaves and free men; between men and women, for you are all one in union with Christ Jesus. † actual ordination has been a long time coming and in certain denominations has either not arrived or again been minimal in its effect.Judaism is a quite legalistic religion. There are rules that cover every area of life, and Orthodox Jews in particular are meticulous in keeping such rules. Christianity on the other hand, although it too has rules, these are more concerned with morals than with such minutiae as the kind of knot that can be used on the Sabbath. Galatians 2 v 16 perhaps sums up the different attitudes to legalism. ‘’We know that a person is put right with God only through faith in Jesus Christ, never by doing what the law requires.†These are of course the words of St Paul, who in his earlier life had been most legalistic -a Hebrew of the Hebrews’ as he describes h imself in Philippians, ‘’As far as keeping the Jewish law is concerned I was a Pharisee’ ( Philippians 3 v 5). Jews consider themselves the chosen people of God. Christians consider themselves to have become, because of their faith in the Savior Christ Jesus , also children of God ‘At one time you were not God’s people’ Peter tells new converts, ‘but now you are his people; at one time you did not know God’s mercy, but now you have received his mercy.’ ( 1 Peter 2 v 10)With regard to the after life there are a range of beliefs. Christians believe that Christ has covered their sins and they will ultimately live for ever with God in heaven. Large parts of the New Testament are concerned with teaching on the subject as in I Thessalonians 4. The after life is rarely mentioned in Jewish scriptures. It concentrates more on one’s actions than one’s beliefs. Both Torah and Talmud concentrate on doing one’s duty to God in this life. The web site ‘Jewish beliefs on the afterlife ‘ says :-Succeeding at this brings reward, failing at it brings punishment. Whether rewards and punishments continue after death, or whether anything at all happens after death, is not as important. Despite this there is some teaching on the subject.. Moed Katan is cited on the same page . â€Å"This world is only like a hotel. The world to come is like a home. † In the early history of the people death is likened to a reunion with family. (Genesis 49 v 29) Jacob tells his sons ‘I am going to join my family in death.’It was important to him that he be buried close to those who had preceded him as is obvious in the careful instructions that follow. This contrasts with the fate of the wicked who are described as being cut off from their people. (see Exodus 31 v 14). There is still a belief among the most Orthodox of Jews in a sort of half life after death in a place called She’ol , a world described in Isaiah 14 v 9 and 10. This was expressed to me by a lady who said ‘As long as someone is alive who remembers me I shall be alive’. Both religions have naturally adjusted to changing situations over time.For instance on page 111 of ‘The Jewish People’ Goldberg and Rayner describe how Jewish law was adjusted to conditions in such places as Cairo and Istanbul. It began as the religion of a nomadic people, but became the religion of a minority group living among people who practiced other faiths. This, and the persecution they suffered, led to such things as the Jewish ghettos of mediaeval times, in part forced on them by the majority population, and in part by the natural inclination of people to live near those like themselves.Christianity became the state religion of the Roman Empire in the fourth century under the emperor Constantine. In the intervening years since its inception the church grew rapidly in fulfillment of the parable of the mustard seed recorded in Matthew ( 13 v 31 and 32). William Frend describes in ‘The Christian World’ how its organization had developed into something that rivaled the state itself with its various officials in each area, so much so that Diocletian and his court in 302 tried to face up to the significant decision as to whether Christ or the traditional gods of Rome should be considered as the guardians of that city.A Roman mosaic from 5th century Rome, shown in the Christian World , (page 39) would depict Christ emperor. Becoming a state religion had both advantages, the protection of Christians and their practices, and problems such as state interference in matters that might be considered as purely church matters. For example Henry 1st of England intervened so much in church life that he wanted to be the one to give authority to the archbishop Anselm, rather than this coming from Rome. Christianity is a missionary faith.Christians have traveled to all parts of th e world taking the good news with them and seeking to bring other people to join them in faith in Christ. Judaism sees no need for this. Judaism follows the commandment found in Exodus 20 v 4 about the forbidding of making images. This is taken to mean images of God. A modern synagogue will perhaps have stained glass windows depicting important t stories from the scriptures – the giving of the law to Moses for instance or the crossing of the Dead Sea, but because they also accept the words of Genesis 1 v 26 in which God says that he created men in his image, there are no depictions of people.This injunction does not seem to apply to photographs. Christians, believing that they are not bound by Old Testament laws frequently celebrate their faith in pictures, including images of Christ and symbolic pictures of God as Father and Spirit. Conclusion These two faiths have both parallels and common roots as well as shared scriptures and monotheism. There are also major differences i n belief and emphasis and the way that religion affects daily life. In both there are sincere believers as well as those of less than total commitment.

European Politics Essay

European Union has a evolutional history. Many Countries struggle to attain Independence’s this the only aim of the European Nations’struggle? This paper has discussed the reasons there struggle some being to attain Independence, others needed to be autonomous and others wanting to unite with Russia. They faced many challenges, and were organized in parties. European politics is involved with the continuous political evolution. Due to the high political unity amongst European states as well as the state’s long history, European politics is more detailed compared to other continents. The European political make-up has been contributed to by its historical events, culture, economy and its geographical location. European Union is dominant in the modern European politics. This occurred since the collapse of the Eastern Bloc of communists’ states and the fall of iron curtains. After World War II the EU expand towards the East and included 27 states as members. These states are represented in the European parliament. European has been undergoing political transformation even since 1763 to 1787. After the seven years’ war (1756-63) there was a stability period of peace. In 1702-1714, there was the war of the Spanish succession, and this was after many years of the great World War. This war took fifty years. Some British and French statesmen had tried to create a long lasting peace by use of collective security, but the old contests had not stopped after the Utrecht-Rastatt’s peace and some more including Northern Europe, Germany, Near East and Italy developed in the succeeding decades. It was in the seven years’ war of 1756-63 when a climax of forty years of imbalance of struggle for power was reached. This war was bigger than the war of Spanish succession and more blood was shed, and ended up with its fighters tired of fighting and exhausted. The results were decisive in continental theatres as well as in maritime, but in varying at up. Spain was defeated by Britain in the fight for colonies and seas control defeated France on sea, and by Prussia on land. This made France to collapse financially. The aggressive spirit of King Frederick the Great of Prussia was decreased at the end of war. European states are part of the international organizations which are political and economically. Almost all European states are members of European council which is the only Pan-European organization. The activities of the European council are programs that harmonize regulations and law amongst the member state in citizenship, bioethics. Heritage protection the linguistic and cultural minority right among others. In other terms the council can be related to regional version state jointly related to government and national union. It plays role as a market, with customs union, common policy in Agriculture and Fisheries as well as acting as a single currency with thirteen of its twenty seven members adopting. This union constitutes the largest economy worldwide consisting 2007 nominal GDP of 15. 849 million USD. The union primarily started as an economic union before evolving into a political policy, and this has been contributed by the many political areas within EU competence. There has been a debate between and within some member states concerning more development in political competence of EU. There was a military alliance of European states together with United States of America and Canada, commonly known as North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which was founded as a collective security as a result of World War II. This alliance targeted to provide defense incase the Soviet Union attacked the European allies of United States. The attack was to be treated as if it had attacked the United States bearing in mind it was composed of the largest military. They expected to get the best defense, but the Soviet never invaded Europe, instead the alliance was involved in September 12th 2001, responding to the previous day’s attack on the United States. GUAM organization for Democracy and Economic Development was formed to counter the Russia’s influence in that area. This group constituted four common wealth independent states (CIS) that is Georgia, Ukraine, Azerba-Ijan and Moldova, though it was encouraged and backed up by the United States. It reached a time when it appeared to have ceased its operation but there is a possibility to revive its operation through developments. The common wealth of the independent states (CIS) has few supranational powers, but it’s a symbolic organization that has power to coordinate trade, security, law making and finance. It came up with a full-fledged free trade zone between its members, who are 12 states of 15 states of former Soviet Union, excluding Baltic States, in 2005. This confederation has enhances cooperation on democratization and has prevented cross border crime. In devolutionary pressures, movements requiring independence or autonomy varied in politically and popularity support depending on campaign, and the kind of movements Georgia has two region and wanted to join with Russia, in Italy, there was a small independent movement, and the Lega Nord, the Italian political party, supports, blamed southern Italy for blocking progress and getting tax funds away and condemned them as racial nationalist group. On the other hand it supported the Northern Italy. Italy is to be divided into two countries, the North and the South. In Netherlands, Frisian National party sought autonomy for Friesland without caring about Fresian culture and without striving for total independent. Transylvania belonged to Austria-Hungary before the Treaty of Triarion. There is small minority Hungarian ethic who felt like reuniting with Hungary. These are habitants of Romania. The North Caucasus border of Russia, supports has movements in search for independence. The English Democrats in United Kingdom saw the need for England to devolve. In United Kingdom is composed for a mixture of many parties with different wills. In this state, there are movements and parties that needed independence and at the same time some parties wanted to be incorporated in the Republic of Ireland thus saw not need of the province being in the union. After the election of Victor Yuschenko as a president some areas in Ukraine wanted to join Russia. Ukraine did not only have movements that wanted complete independence, but also the urge to get higher autonomy, after uniting with Russia. Though some autonomous regions of Spain are peaceful, they violently acquired the peace. In 2006, there were international negotiations to define final status of Kosovo a Serbia’s province, which all through had territorial and political dispute between its ethnic population and the Serbian government organization. In 1532, some movements in Northern France lost independence, and they wanted to regain it. These countries in the State had different needs as pertains the movement’s nature or rather composition to the kind of campaign. These needs or rather goals varied from attaining autonomy, attaining independence or the need to reunite with Russia. The Unions’ membership enlargement poses a political issue trying to know from the diving the extent at which the block should move. The block location in terms of size and the fear of the block moving very far and including other regions created a challenge to the European Union. European nation is divided into council, parliament council of European Union and commission. The commission has the mandate to Rome up with registration and the use of law each member state is represented by a member. President comes from the commission. The union’s prime minister has different powers with the president Directorate-General (DG) and commissioner, but they have similar roles. The councils have no delegated power to the union’s supranational institutions, and have no treaties official power. The head of state has similar roles to council. Legislative branch of the union incorporate parliament and council, whose formation differs as in the parliament is elected directly while the council is formed and mainly of national ministers. Insensitive areas have lower control of national minister. The powers in the union are given according to pillars. These pillars are usually three; the first one being that of community, the second is Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) while the third is ‘Police and Judicial Cooperation in Criminal matters (PJCC). Just to mention, the 1st First pillar entails common Fisheries poly, Agricultural policy, Environmental law, Immigration Poly, Education and culture among others. The second pillar has security policy and foreign policy and the third pillar deals with human beings trafficking Fraud and bribery, terrorism, weapon smuggling among others. Each pillar’s principles differ on intergovernmental and supranational basis, supranationalism being higher in 1st pillar. After every five years by adult suffrage, votes are casted. Despite having no voting system, there should be a ratio in representing either singly or under a party the area at which the votes casting is done can be in whole or subdivided, and election threshold should be below five percent. The European law requires to be bound to. The union makes legislative acts and all its members are expected to bind to a direct applied law (regulation, a framework of objectives in which a national law in order to achieve its goals, and a decision based on particular issue are the key forms by which a union can present its legislative acts. (Hay&Menon,2007). European bases their constitution texts on their treaties. The role of the European treaties is to form institution which are given aims of the union, which are set also by the treaties and the institution should always aim at attain the set aims. Currently the European integration is under four treaties, namely; the Treaty of European nation which was put to work in November 1993 after it was signed on 7th February 1992 in Maastricht. This treaty was involved with security policy and Home Affairs. The Treaty showing European Economic Community (ECC) which was put into action on 1st January 1958 and was signed at the same time with Euratom treaty, in Rome on March the 25th of 1957, and due to the place at which it was signed, its usually also referred to as the Treaty of Rome. The treaty of Paris was put to work on 23rd day of July 1952 but expired on 23rd day of July 2002. It was signed on the 18th day of April, 1951, and was involved with putting into place the European steel and coal community. The forth treaty was involved with the development of European atomic Energy community which is commonly referred to as Euratom Treaty and was signed at Rome on the 25th day of March, 1957. There were times when these treaties expired or required additional or subtraction of some of its terms and roles thus the need for changes and reforms. European political party is obliged to operate transitionally in the state, and is usually funded and recognized by the European Union. Their formation is usually bases on partly parties in the whole Europe. As per the European parliament and commission as there were ten (10) recognized parties by 2006, namely European People Party which was the first to be formed, then the European Socialist Party was formed, followed by European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party, the Free Alliance European Party, the European Areas Party, Alliance for Europe of the Nations, European theft party, European Democratic party, Alliance of Independent Democrats in Europe and EU Democratic, which were formed respectively. These parties mostly consider co-operating and working as a coalition as this makes them stronger and gives the party a chance to get higher financial fund rate from the parliament at the same time ensuring they have access to committee’s seat which an independent party can afford to access due to the cost. To enhance the uniting of parties, however requires that the member states votes for the Groups MEPs should not be less than one-fifth, that its MEPs can create a group of their wish, that all MEPs in a group should be registered in only one group and that, a groups MEPs should be of the same political goal. It’s only after fulfilling these requirements that two groups can join and unite to for a coalition thus enjoying the privileges. The Groups can either be organized from many European parties, national parties or be made of MEPs of a single European political party. An Account of the changes that the European Socialist Parties have undergone since the Second World War. European Socialist Part (PES) in a party in the European political party composed of equal number of labor, social democratic, and socialist parties from members’ states of European Union and also from Norway. The socialist party constitutes socialist group in parliament which is composed of more than 200 MEPs thus making the group to be second largest, in the European parliament. This socialist group was there since 1953 and the socialist party was formed back in 1992. Ever since it’s the party held the largest single group position in the parliament. After the party’s formation in 1953, socialist party Henri Spaak was elected first president, with Guy Mollet elected the first bureau and secretariat apart from being the chair. The socialists attempt to produce a common European socialist’s program in 1961 being outlaid by an enlargement application. Despite their congress trying to enhance more democratization, and parliament powers in 1962, it took them longer than they expected since this was considered in 1969, after Kate Strobel MEP winning the 1st woman chair. They continued to achieve and rule and in 1971’s elections saw their member, Walter Behrendt as the second parliament president. It took few years since then when other states joined the community and brought with them some more parties, which enlarged the community as well as the congress. These states included Ireland, United Kingdom and Denmark and after meeting they made social policy in which they were entitled to democracy, equality and give them the right to work in the European economy. Elections were carried out again in 1975, and socialist Georges Spe’nale was as the parliament’s president. After the union with Ireland, Denmark and United Kingdom, a confederation of the European communities’ socialist party was formed. Their was an election manifesto, which the confederation signed after the parliaments first direct elections in 1979, and the manifesto objective was aimed at ending discrimination, promoting peace, fighting pollution and ensuring the ability to decent work among others. They were the largest group in the parliament. Two years after the direct election, its first status was signed and they united with other states like Greece, Portugal and Spain made this party to increase. It did not take the Group long before they saw the need and the privileged of cooperation; in 1987 they cooperated with people’s party group thus increasing their number. (Grolier, Inc, 2002). In 1992, the already existing confederation was changed to party of European socialist, whose manifesto had more issues to deal with compare to the election manifesto and the added areas included gender equality, fighting organized crimes and democracy among others. The party had its second leader in the 1994’s election after the party won two hundred and fifteen (215) out of the available six hundred and twenty six (626). After a five year period of ruling, the parliament refused to sign for approval of the commission’s EU budget handling, and this lead to crisis. This was because of the allegation of corruption made to two of the socialists’ members. The socialists tried to bloc the order made by the commission that the member’s concerned had to resign, by their president trying to vote confidence vote in the commission, since the PES took the issue as a false allegation made to stop them from participating in the year’s election. Since socialist were the majority they were on the government side, they decided to stop helping or rather supporting the other party thus facilitating santer commission’s to resign. After the five years of ruling, elections was carried out, the socialists lost the votes to people’s party with the winning party attaining two hundred and thirty three the socialists had only one hundred and eighty. In the 2004 elections the socialist party lost once more by getting only two hundred seats in seven hundred and thirty two seats. The European Political history has been an evolutional process. The struggle was aimed at either attaining independence, or becoming autonomous. The European politics is composed of the parliament headed by a President from a party with the majority seats, the commission, and a council. Each of its constituent has its mandate and powers. The Socialist’ Party headed in the parliament longer till 1999.

Borjomi in israel

Our project consists of several parts: Company review History of company Market strategies The review of competitors PESTLE analysis Cultural overview Action plan Our product is â€Å"Boredom† and â€Å"Boredom Spring†. Our destination market is Israel. The reason we chose this country is the shortage of water which faces the population. Market Strategies Direct Exporting For â€Å"Boredom† it will be better to enter into Israel's market via Direct Exporting. Direct Exporting is the way to sell your products to your customers without any intermediaries, be in touch with them all the time and get feedback directly from them.Direct Exporting will help â€Å"Boredom† to eliminate fixed costs, such as rent for offices, utility payments, etc. Direct Exporting helps to the firm boost sales and increase market shares. Through direct exporting activities† Boredom† will gain the valuable experience and expertise about working internationally. The disadv antages for direct exporting should be the complexity of logistics and distribution channels. â€Å"Boredom† will need to build up some export organization which solves all these problems on Its behalf. This organization will have to communicate with these parties to thrive sales.Joint Venture the same production lines and have the same aims. In addition, while using this market entry mode there is a possibility to have conflicts with your local partners, agency problems that arise when one party is expected to act in another's best interests. JP provides lack of managerial control; you cannot manage all issues concerning with the ongoing activities. Sometimes JP creates a competitor for the firm. It often happens that foreign investors lose whole product markets to previous joint venture partners.Franchising A management Contract with a particular company will be an advantage for DC Boredom Georgia. A management Contract helps to Georgian company to improve the quality and b ecome more competitive controlled under Israel specialist for both, home and host markets. It is normal when the experienced company sells its management expertise to small developing firm in developing country. A management contract should be a case for cost saving by using its resources more rationally which improves the technical assistance and the employees' skills.The problem with a management contract should be that potential returns are limited by contract. Chosen Strategy The most acceptable strategy for â€Å"Boredom† will be direct exporting because â€Å"boredom† has enough experience to work independently internationally. The company's potential profits will be greater because it is eliminating intermediaries. It will get slightly better protection for its trademarks, patents and copyrights. As the company's business develops in the foreign market, it will have greater flexibility to improve or redirect its marketing efforts.Trademark â€Å"Boredom† is produced by IDS Boredom Georgia, which is a part of IDS Boredom International – the biggest producer of natural mineral water and leader under the notion of natural bottled waters within CICS and Baltic countries. IDS Boredom Georgia is an unchallenged market leader in Georgians bottled water industry, which has already established its best known brand Ames like Boredom, Alkali, Boredom Springs and Baking. Its biggest selling brand Boredom has established its presence in over 30 countries worldwide.IDS Boredom Georgia brings to the market the natural and wholesome drinking water, which gives a drive and a boost of energy. The Company builds its operations on four main principles: expansion of sales geography, market diversification, conduction of aggressive marketing campaigns and introduction of new brands into the portfolio. As producers we are keeping abreast of the latest developments on the market and re always oriented towards responding effectively to the customer n eeds. Product quality is always our top priority.Our product â€Å"Boredom†, which we are going to launch into the market in Israel, has several competitors. Those are: Genesis, Me Eden, Invention†¦ Israel operates under a parliamentary system as a democratic republic with universal suffrage. President is Simon Peres and prime Minister†Benjamin Entertain, who is the head of government and head of the cabinet. Israel is politically stable, but brutal colonization of Palestinian territory. As we mentioned above that Israel is literally stable, the same could be said about Israel's economy.So Israel is considered one of the most advanced countries in Southwest Asia in economic and industrial development; its nominal GAP for 2011 year estimate is $ 242,897 billion, per – 39,2 and it's human development index is very high 0,888 with which Israel is on the 17th place in the world. The country is ranked 3rd in the region on the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business I ndex as well as in the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report. It has the second-largest number of startup companies in the world (on the first place is U.S) and the largest number of NASDAQ-Sited companies outside North America But it's crucial that Israel's economy has undergone a radical change over the last several decades from an economy based on agriculture and small businesses, which are producing a wide variety of highly demanded products that are marketed worldwide. Also Israel's banking system is advanced and well- developed, with branch connections all over the world, and it provides the business sector all the services it requires. The economy is also strengthening by the legal system which Israel has developed.However, Israel has suffered from a chronic water shortage for years. The causes of water shortage are both natural and man- made. Israel has suffered from four consecutive years of drought. The increase in demand for water for domestic uses, that co mes from the growth of population and the rising standard of living, together with the need to supply water pursuant to sources. The agricultural sector has suffered most because of this water crisis. Due to the shortage, water allocations to the sector had to be reduced drastically causing a reduction in the agricultural productivity.Company includes 4 brands: â€Å"Boredom†, â€Å"Alkali†, â€Å"Boredom Springs† and â€Å"Baking†. The company maintains the harmonic fusion between a good taste and multiple vitamins. History of the Company â€Å"Boredom† is the producer of mineral spring water that was discovered over one thousand years ago in the Boredom Gorge of central Georgia. Trademark â€Å"Boredom† is produced by IDS Boredom Georgia, which is a part of IDS Boredom International – the bottled waters within CICS and Baltic countries. IDS Boredom Georgia brings to the market the natural and wholesome drinking water, which gives a drive and a boost of energy.The use of Georgian mineral waters has been suggested by the Georgian and foreign researchers for complex treatment of several digestive diseases and diabetes mellitus. Traditionally, Georgians consume sparkling mineral waters as an extremely effective antioxidant during food poisoning and especially as a natural hangover remedy. IDS Boredom Georgia is an unchallenged market leader in Georgians bottled water industry, which has already established its best known brand names like† Boredom†, â€Å"Alkali†,† Boredom Springs† and â€Å"Baking†.The mineral water sector in Georgia had an approximately GEL 126 million output in 2010, 40% of which was exported. IDS Boredom Georgia was one of the key players in it. Its biggest selling brand â€Å"Boredom† has established its presence in over 30 countries worldwide The Company builds its operations on four main principles: expansion of sales geography, market diversifica tion, conduction of aggressive marketing campaigns and introduction of new brands into the portfolio. As producers they are keeping abreast of the latest developments on the market and are always oriented towards responding effectively to the customer needs.Product quality is always their top priority. Competitive advantages High Water quality Room for expansion (capacity of existing bottlers can more than double) pride, part of the Georgian culture, tradition Certified curative properties Well protected from forgery Vast export experience National High recognition in former Soviet countries and rising popularity in US, AJAX, EX. Aim The aim of the â€Å"Boredom† is a combination of nature and technologies, delivering natural and healthy products to the consumers and thus creating value both for the establishment and the society.They are focused on creating an environment that benefits both their staff and customers and best suits their needs. Efforts thus concentrated contri bute to the realization of new ideas and facilitate further development. Products Boredom Alkali Boredom springs Baking Assortment Boredom† mineral water is presented in four packing variants: 1 In glass bottle 0,33 1 (expire date – 2 years from production date); 2) in bottle 1 (expire date – 2 years date; 4) in plastic bottle 1 1 (expire date – 1 year from production date).Awards 1907 SPA Grand pan 1909 Kane Grand Golden Medal 1911 Dressed Diploma of Honor 1940 Italian Golden Medal 1975 Budapest Diploma of Honor, World Exhibition 1998 Novosibirsk Golden Medal 1996, 1997, 1998 SST. Petersburg Golden Medal 2005 ISO 22000 REVIEW OF COMPETITORS IN ISRAEL Our product â€Å"Boredom†, which we are going to launch into the market in Israel, has several competitors. Those are: Genesis, Me Eden, Invention. It is very important to keep up with them and even to do better than they do.These companies Genesis Genesis Waters is an import company devoted to suppor ting Israel by introducing bottled water entirely produced in Israel to the American market. Much of the proceeds from Genesis Waters are donated to organizations that help Israel's victims of terror rebuild their lives. Genesis is created to support Israel. Genesis means â€Å"new beginning†, and in response to the devastating attacks upon the citizens of Israel, company donates a significant portion of our profits to organizations hat help Israel's victims of terror rebuild their lives.Also every ounce of excess water resulting from the bottling of the product is recycled to supply local agricultural settlements with water, helping to keep the Land of Israel â€Å"green†. This is a high-end mineral water that is sourced since Biblical times. The natural mineral water originates from an artesian source providing natural mineral water that is pure, mild, naturally balanced and enriched with the most precious constituents offered by nature. This premium water is low in mineral salts, trace elements and carries more nutrients to the body and helps it more easily expel toxins ND excess minerals.Me Eden Me Eden is the brand name of the company Eden Springs Ltd. Which is an Israeli mineral water marketing company. It is a leading mineral water company in Israel. The brand and company were created in 1980 after development of the Salvia wellspring in Katharine, Goals Heights. After additional tests with the wellspring water, Me Eden received permission to market its water in 1983. Me Eden has recently started to product water coolers, water container holders and disposable cups as well. The company is engaged in the production and marketing of natural mineral eater distribution, water is the pioneer companies in Israel.Eden is proud to take credit for the development and delivery of water consumption culture in Israel and also believe that drinking natural mineral water is the basis of a way of life healthy distribution of natural mineral water Jugs at home or office. The company currently serves more than 130 thousand customers in Israel. But it should be noted that bottling was halted after tests showed bacteria levels exceeded limits set by state regulators. The company said it was carrying out tests in coordination with the Ministry of Health and assured consumers that water already on sale was fit to drink.In February 2009, pollution forced Eden and a rival company, Invention, to halt and recall bottled water from stores. Eden said later the incident had caused the company losses of between 22 million and 125 million. Invention Invention is a leading manufacturer and distributor of natural mineral water in Israel. The company's innovative range of products includes both bottled water products and water cooler dispensers for private and office use in a wide range of sizes and styles. In 2006, Invention+ was launched – a product line based on Invention mineral water tit added vitamins and light flavors.In May 2011, Inve ntion began to produce natural mineral water from a mountain aquifer in the Upper Galilee. The advanced drilling technology utilized in this process is similar to that of the leading European mineral water companies. Using this innovative system, Invention is reaching water while it is still pure in the depths of the earth. Invention pledges to provide its customers with natural mineral water of the very highest quality. The Invention factory in Karat Samoan operates the most advanced technologies in the world while maintaining the highest reduce quality.All manufacturing and filling lines are operated without the need for human intervention. Every day, 150 tests are carried out on the filling lines to ensure that the products are of the highest quality. In addition to the checks carried out by the company, it is audited by authorized external organizations to ensure that the highest quality standards are always met. Having said that it is crucial for our market entry to know everyt hing about them and do our best and at least gain a market place near them. All of the competitors stated above have a strong reputation among customers, because they remain on markets for years.Israel water purifying, recycling technology makes world markets take notice, as local companies introduce new development to what will become a $10 billion a year market by 2015. So it's going to be a huge challenge for us to be competitive, but not impossible. PESTLE ANALYSIS OF ISRAEL Political Political Structure representation and universal suffrage. Chief of State is President Simon Peres; the president is the head of state; the office symbolizes the unity of the state and carries high prestige and moral force, above and beyond party politics. The president (head of state) is elected by the Knees for a 5-year term.Head of Government is Prime Minister Benjamin Entertain. Its governmental system is based on several basic laws enacted by its unicameral parliament, the Knees. The prime min ister exercises executive power and has in the past been selected by the president as the party leader most able to form a government. Between May 1996 and March 2001, Israelis voted for the prime minister directly. (The legislation, which required the direct election of the prime minister, was rescinded by the Knees in March 2001 . ) The embers of the cabinet must be collectively approved by the Knees. The Knees serves as Israel's unicameral legislative body.Its 120 members are elected by secret ballot to 4-year terms, although the prime minister may decide to call for new elections before the end of the 4-year term. Voting is for party lists rather than for individual candidates, and the total number of seats assigned each party reflects that party's percentage of the vote. Successful Knees candidates are drawn from the lists in order of party-assigned rank. Under the present electoral system, all members of the Knees are elected at large. Israel is divided into six districts, adm inistration of which is coordinated by the Ministry of Interior.The Ministry of Defense is responsible for the administration of the occupied territories. Major Parties In Parliament Israel's political system is based on proportional representation which allows for a multi-party system with numerous parties. There are currently five parties with more than ten seats in the 120-seat Knees, and a single party usually has no chance of gaining power by itself (only once has a party held an absolute majority in the Knees), forcing the parties to cooperate and form coalition governments. This article lists the political parties in Israel. ACADIA is a centrist and liberal political party in Israel.It was established on 24 November 2005 by moderates from Liked largely to support the issue of Riel's unilateral disengagement plan, and was soon Joined by like-minded Labor politicians. With Thud Elmer as party chairman following Sharon stroke, it became the largest party in the Knees after the 2 006 elections, winning 28 of the 120 seats, and led a coalition government. LIKED is the major centre-right conservative political party in Israel. It was founded in 1973 in an alliance with several right- ins and liberal parties. In 2009 elections, the party won 27 seats, and now leads the Israeli government under Prime Minister Entertain.A member of the party is often called a Liking WISELY BETTING is a nationalist political party in Israel. The party's base has traditionally been secular, Russian-speaking Israelis. The party describes itself as â€Å"a national movement with the clear vision to follow in the brave path of Cave from the former Soviet Union, it has also expanded its appeal to a more veteran Israeli public. It takes a strong line towards the peace process and the integration f Israeli Arabs, characterized by its 2009 election slogan â€Å"No loyalty, no citizenship†.Its main platform includes recognition of the two-state solution, the creation of a Palestini an state that would include an exchange of some largely Arab- inhabited parts of Israel for largely Jewish-inhabited parts of the West Bank. The party maintains an anti-clerical mantle and encourages socio-economic opportunities for new immigrants, in conjunction with efforts to increase Jewish immigration. In the elections the party won 15 seats, its most to date, making it the third largest party in the Knees. Legal System JUDICIARY: THE COURT SYSTEM The Judiciary is entirely independent.Judges are appointed by the president upon recommendation of a special nine-person committee composed of three Supreme Court Justices, two members of the Israeli Bar and four public figures (I. E. Government ministers, Knees members). Judges receive appointments for life, with retirement at age 70. Although legislative competence is wholly within the Knees, the Supreme Court can and does call attention to the desirability of legislative changes; sitting as the High Court of Justice, it has the aut hority to determine hither a law properly conforms to the Basic Laws of the state.The Court System Israel has a three-tier court system. At the lowest level is Magistrate Court, situated in most cities across the country. Above them are District Court, serving both as appellate courts and courts of first instance; they are situated in five of Israel's six districts. The third and highest tier is the Supreme Court, located in Jerusalem; it serves a dual role as the highest court of appeals and the High Court of Justice. In the latter role, the Supreme Court rules as a court of first instance, allowing individuals, OTOH citizens and non-citizens, to petition against the decisions of state authorities.Although Israel supports the goals of the International Criminal Court, it has not ratified the Rome Statute, citing concerns about the ability of the court to remain free from political impartiality. Israel's legal system combines three legal traditions: English common law, civil law and Jewish law. It is based on the principle of precedents and is an adversarial system, where the parties in the suit bring evidence before the court. Court cases are decided by professional Judges rather than Juries. Marriage and divorce are under the Jurisdiction of the religious courts: Jewish, Muslim, Drupe, and Christian.A committee of Knees members, Supreme Court Justices, and Israeli Bar members carries out the election of Judges. Administration of Israel's courts (both the situated in Jerusalem. Both General and Labor courts are paperless courts: the storage of court files, as well as court decisions, is conducted electronically. Israel's Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty seeks to defend human rights and liberties in Israel. Israel is the only country in the region ranked â€Å"Free† by Freedom House based on the level of civil liberties and political rights; the â€Å"Palestinian Authority-Administered Territories† was ranked â€Å"Not Free.